Enhanced nonlinear imaging through scattering media using transmission-matrix-based wave-front shaping
Enhanced nonlinear imaging through scattering media using transmission-matrix-based wave-front shaping
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.94.043830
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发表时间：
2016-10-18
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Brasselet, Sophie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Aguiar, Hilton B.;Gigan, Sylvain;Brasselet, Sophie
尽管在提高散射介质成像穿透深度的波前整形方面取得了巨大进展，但一些因素，其中包括大深度的低信噪比，阻碍了生物组织中非线性成像的可行性。在这里，我们提出了一种替代使用非线性信号优化的传统方案。通过利用线性光子而不是非线性产生的光子，我们展示了非线性信号的几个数量级的强增强，通过几个传输平均自由路径的厚度，相当于生物组织中的毫米。这是通过测量散射介质的线性宽带传输矩阵（TM）来实现的，使用与散斑光谱相关宽度相当的光谱带宽。我们进一步强调了使用线性TM进行深入散射介质的前瞻性非线性成像的几个优点。
Despite the tremendous progress in wave front shaping for enhancing imaging penetration depths in scattering media, several factors, among which are significantly low signal-to-noise ratios at large depths, prevent feasibility for nonlinear imaging in biological tissues. Here, we propose an alternative to the traditional schemes that use optimization of a nonlinear signal. By exploiting the linear photons instead of nonlinearly generated ones, we show strong enhancements of nonlinear signals of several orders of magnitude, through thicknesses of a few transport mean free paths, which corresponds to millimeters in biological tissues. This is achieved by measuring the linear broadband transmission matrix (TM) of the scattering medium, using a spectral bandwidth comparable to the speckle spectral correlation width. We further highlight several advantages of the use of linear TM for prospective nonlinear imaging deep inside scattering media.