Toxicological foundations of ecological risk assessment: biomarker development and interpretation based on laboratory and wildlife species.
Toxicological foundations of ecological risk assessment: biomarker development and interpretation based on laboratory and wildlife species.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.94102s1265a
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发表时间：
1994-12
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Kendall RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dickerson RL;Hooper MJ;Gard NW;Cobb GP;Kendall RJ
基于化学品残留分析和物种人口统计学的生态风险评估往往忽视了所涉化学品的生物利用度和生物累积性。本研究介绍了机械为基础的生物标志物纳入多环芳烃（PAH）污染的网站的生态风险评估。结合土壤残留物分析，组织残留物分析，生物标志物在一个网站被困动物和生物标志物在动物被限制在围栏。特别是，使用捕获的鹿小鼠（Peromyscus maniculatus）进行这些研究相比，使用实验室饲养的鹿小鼠放置在围栏。这项研究表明，野鹿小鼠反应的高度变异性使得围栏研究的使用具有优势。通过给实验室饲养的鹿鼠服用与现场发现的相同的多环芳烃进行的阳性对照研究被用来验证这种方法。这些研究表明，免疫抑制发生在PAH浓度的一个数量级低于乙氧基试卤灵-O-脱烷基酶活性的诱导所需的。
Ecological risk assessments based on chemical residue analysis and species demographics tend to ignore the bioavailability and bioaccumulation of the chemicals of concern. This study describes the incorporation of mechanistically based biomarkers into an ecological risk assessment of a poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated site. A combination of soil residue analysis, tissue residue analysis, biomarkers in one-site trapped animals and biomarkers in animals confined to enclosures was used. In particular, the use of captured deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) for these studies is compared to the use of laboratory-raised deer mice placed in enclosures. This study indicates that the higher degree of variability in the responses of wild deer mice make the use of enclosure studies advantageous. Positive control studies performed by dosing laboratory-raised deer mice with the same PAHs as found on the site were used to validate this approach. These studies indicate that immune suppression occurred at PAH concentrations an order of magnitude below those required for the induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase activity.