THE DISPLACEMENT FIELD OF THE LANDERS EARTHQUAKE MAPPED BY RADAR INTERFEROMETRY
THE DISPLACEMENT FIELD OF THE LANDERS EARTHQUAKE MAPPED BY RADAR INTERFEROMETRY
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DOI：
10.1038/364138a0
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发表时间：
1993-07-08
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
RABAUTE, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MASSONNET, D;ROSSI, M;RABAUTE, T
通过地面或天基技术获得的大地测量数据可用于推断地震中破裂的断层上的滑动分布。尽管大多数大地测量技术要求在地震发生前就有一个勘测网络，但定期收集的卫星图像可以在不事先知道地震位置的情况下捕捉到同震位移。合成孔径雷达（SAR）干涉测量法于1974年首次引入，用于地形测绘5-8，也可用于通过从地形中去除信号来检测地表的变化9,10。在这里，我们使用SAR干涉测量法来捕捉1992年加州兰德斯地震产生的运动。我们将地形信息与ERS-1卫星在地震前后获得的SAR图像相结合，构建了干涉图。观测到的从地面到卫星的距离变化与现场测量的滑移、实测的位移以及弹性位错模型的结果吻合得很好。作为一种大地测量工具，SAR干涉图提供了比测量方法更密集的空间采样（每像素100米），并且比以前的空间成像技术具有更好的精度（约3厘米）12,13。
GEODETIC data, obtained by ground- or space-based techniques, can be used to infer the distribution of slip on a fault that has ruptured in an earthquake. Although most geodetic techniques require a surveyed network to be in Place before the earthquake1-3, satellite images, when collected at regular intervals, can capture co-seismic displacements without advance knowledge of the earthquake's location. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry, first introduced4 in 1974 for topographic mapping5-8 can also be used to detect changes in the ground surface, by removing the signal from the topography9,10. Here we use SAR interferometry to capture the movements produced by the 1992 earthquake in Landers, California11. We construct an interferogram by combining topographic information with SAR images obtained by the ERS-1 satellite before and after the earthquake. The observed changes in range from the ground surface to the satellite agree well with the slip measured in the field, with the displacements measured by surveying, and with the results of an elastic dislocation model. As a geodetic tool, the SAR interferogram provides a denser spatial sampling (100 m per pixel) than surveying methods1-3 and a better precision (approximately 3 cm) than previous space imaging techniques12,13.