Climate as a factor for Neolithic cultural collapses approximately 4000 years BP in China
Climate as a factor for Neolithic cultural collapses approximately 4000 years BP in China
复制标题
气候是中国新石器时代文化在距今约4000年前崩溃的一个因素
DOI：
10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102915
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
Chen Zhongyuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun Qianli;Liu Yan;Bernd Wünnemann;Peng Yajun;Jiang Xuezhong;Deng Lanjie;Chen Jing;Li Maotian;Chen Zhongyuan
Although archaeological findings show the synchronous collapses of major well-documented Chinese Neolithic cultures around 4000 cal. yr BP, the driving mechanism for the phenomenon is still unclear and debatable. Spatial climatic features in China spanning this time period suggest a generally cold-dry setting. This is evidenced by 130 well-dated geological records at 97 sites located in climatically and topographically diverse regions, with occurrences of some extreme hydrological events like severe floods in the Chinese Loess Plateau, and in basins of the lower Yellow River and the middle-to-lower Yangtze River. The weakening of the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) since the mid-Holocene would have made Neolithic subsistence living unfavourable by decreasing the warmth and wetness in arid and semi-arid regions. However, it might not have been the sole factor that destroyed the Neolithic cultures in the vast territories of Chinaca. 4000 cal. yr BP. Environmental alterations in the major cultural territories of China reacted in response to precipitation anomalies caused by high variability of the ASM and the westerlies, which were modulated by centennial- to inter-annual- scale driving factors such as solar insolation, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and El Niño-Southern Oscillations (ENSO). This most likely accounted for the nearly synchronous Chinese Neolithic cultural collapses.
