ExoBuilding: Physiologically Driven Adaptive Architecture
ExoBuilding: Physiologically Driven Adaptive Architecture
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ExoBuilding：生理驱动的自适应架构
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
P. Brundell
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作者：
Holger Schnädelbach;A. Irune;David S. Kirk;Kevin Glover;P. Brundell
我们周围的环境中充满了传感器，这些传感器测量有关环境、人和物体的各种数据流。这些数据可以用来使我们居住的空间具有响应性和交互性。不同形式的个人数据是一个重要的数据流，这些空间旨在对其作出反应。反过来，当前在HCI社区中吸引高度兴趣的一个个人数据流是生理数据（例如，心率、皮肤电活动），但这在建筑物结构或响应环境的设计中几乎没有得到考虑。在这种情况下，我们开发了一个原型，将单个居住者的呼吸映射到其大小和形式，同时它也会使他们的心跳声化。其结果是一个呼吸建筑原型，其形成性试验表明，它触发了居民的行为和生理适应，而无需给他们指示，它被认为是一种放松的体验。在本文中，我们提出并讨论了该原型的控制研究的结果，比较三种条件：静态原型，定期运动和声化和生物反馈条件，其中乘员的生理数据直接驱动原型，并将此数据返回给他们。该研究证实，生物反馈条件确实会引发参与者的行为变化和生理变化，导致呼吸频率降低以及呼吸幅度升高，呼吸与心率一致性降低以及心率变异性降低。自我报告的放松状态更多地取决于居民的偏好、他们对生理数据的了解以及他们是否找到了“放手”的空间。最后，我们讨论了ExoBuilding作为一种沉浸式但也可共享的生物反馈培训界面，以及这种方法使建筑物适应居民的更广泛潜力。
Our surroundings are becoming infused with sensors measuring a variety of data streams about the environment, people and objects. Such data can be used to make the spaces that we inhabit responsive and interactive. Personal data in its different forms are one important data stream that such spaces are designed to respond to. In turn, one stream of personal data currently attracting high levels of interest in the HCI community is physiological data (e.g., heart rate, electrodermal activity), but this has seen little consideration in building architecture or the design of responsive environments. In this context, we developed a prototype mapping a single occupant’s respiration to its size and form, while it also sonifies their heartbeat. The result is a breathing building prototype, formative trials of which suggested that it triggers behavioral and physiological adaptations in inhabitants without giving them instructions and it is perceived as a relaxing experience. In this paper, we present and discuss the results of a controlled study of this prototype, comparing three conditions: the static prototype, regular movement and sonification and a biofeedback condition, where the occupant’s physiological data directly drives the prototype and presents this data back to them. The study confirmed that the biofeedback condition does indeed trigger behavioral changes and changes in participants’ physiology, resulting in lower respiration rates as well as higher respiration amplitudes, respiration to heart rate coherence and lower frequency heart rate variability. Self-reported state of relaxation is more dependent on inhabitant preferences, their knowledge of physiological data and whether they found space to ‘let go’. We conclude with a discussion of ExoBuilding as an immersive but also sharable biofeedback training interface and the wider potential of this approach to making buildings adapt to their inhabitants.