New directions in hypernuclear physics
New directions in hypernuclear physics
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DOI：
10.1038/s42254-021-00371-w
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
38.5
通讯作者：
T. Saito;W. Dou;V. Drozd;H. Ekawa;S. Escrig;Yan He;N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki;A. Kasagi;M. Kavatsyuk;E. Liu;Yue Ma;S. Minami;A. Muneem;M. Nakagawa;K. Nakazawa;C. Rappold;N. Saito;C. Scheidenberger;M. Taki;Yoshiki K. Tanaka;J. Yoshida;M. Yoshimoto;He Wang;Xiaohong Zhou
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文献类型：
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作者：
T. Saito;W. Dou;V. Drozd;H. Ekawa;S. Escrig;Yan He;N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki;A. Kasagi;M. Kavatsyuk;E. Liu;Yue Ma;S. Minami;A. Muneem;M. Nakagawa;K. Nakazawa;C. Rappold;N. Saito;C. Scheidenberger;M. Taki;Yoshiki K. Tanaka;J. Yoshida;M. Yoshimoto;He Wang;Xiaohong Zhou
超核是一种至少含有一个超子的亚原子束缚系统，是研究核力和一般重子与上夸克、下夸克和奇异夸克相互作用的重要实验场。超核在涉及宇宙射线和加速器束的反应中已经被广泛研究了近七十年。近年来，利用重离子束高能碰撞对超核的实验研究进入了一个新的阶段。然而，这些研究揭示了两个令人困惑的结果，这两个结果与最轻的三体超核系统，即所谓的超曲子有关，以及两个中子与一个Λ超子的束缚态的意外存在。解决这些难题不仅会影响我们对重子与奇异夸克的基本相互作用的理解，也会影响我们对中子星内部深处性质的理解。在这方面，我们讨论解决这些难题的方法，包括重离子束实验和使用最先进的技术分析核乳胶。我们总结了正在进行的项目和实验在世界各地的各种设施，并概述了未来的前景。
A hypernucleus, a subatomic bound system with at least one hyperon, is a great test ground to investigate nuclear forces and general baryonic interactions with up, down and strange quarks. Hypernuclei have been extensively studied for almost seven decades in reactions involving cosmic rays and with accelerator beams. In recent years, experimental studies of hypernuclei have entered a new stage using energetic collisions of heavy-ion beams. However, these investigations have revealed two puzzling results related to the lightest three-body hypernuclear system, the so-called hypertriton, and the unexpected existence of a bound state of two neutrons with a Λ hyperon. Solving these puzzles will not only impact our understanding of the fundamental baryonic interactions with strange quarks but also of the nature of the deep interior of neutron stars. In this Perspective, we discuss approaches to solving these puzzles, including experiments with heavy-ion beams and the analysis of nuclear emulsions using state-of-the-art technologies. We summarize ongoing projects and experiments at various facilities worldwide and outline future perspectives.