Neurocognitive deficits in cocaine users: A quantitative review of the evidence
Neurocognitive deficits in cocaine users: A quantitative review of the evidence
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DOI：
10.1080/13803390490515694
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发表时间：
2005-02-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Zakzanis, KK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jovanovski, D;Erb, S;Zakzanis, KK
尽管绝大多数研究表明，在注意力、学习和记忆、执行功能和反应速度等某些广泛的连接点上至少存在一些缺陷，但关于可卡因滥用对神经认知影响的研究对于观察到的特定类型的缺陷是模棱两可的。所有这些研究的结果均基于零假设统计显着性检验 (NHSST)。有人认为，与 NHSST 相比，效应量分析提供了有关差异程度的信息，为人群中的认知障碍提供了更有效的指标。因此，本研究的目的是进行效应量分析（或在多项研究中使用相同测试措施的情况下进行荟萃分析），以确定因使用可卡因而发现的特定认知缺陷的类型和程度。计算了 15 项符合纳入标准的实证研究中每个测试变量的效应大小。 481 名可卡因使用者和 586 名健康正常对照者的结果显示，可卡因使用对多项注意力指标的影响最大（0.40
Studies on the neurocognitive effects of cocaine abuse are equivocal with respect to the specific types of deficits observed, although the vast majority of studies indicate that at least some deficits in certain broad junctions such as attention, learning and memory, executive functions, and response speed exist. All of these studies based their results on null hypothesis statistical significance testing (NHSST). It is argued that effect size analysis, which provides information about the magnitude of difference, offers a more valid index of cognitive impairments in a population when compared to NHSST Accordingly, the objective of the current study was to conduct an effect size analysis (or a meta-analysis in cases where the same test measure was utilized in more than one study) to determine the type and the magnitude of the specific cognitive deficits found as a result of cocaine use. Effect sizes were calculated for each test variable across 15 empirical studies that met inclusion criteria. The results from 481 cocaine users and 586 healthy normal controls revealed that cocaine use had the largest effect on several measures of attention (0.40