Prevalence and Phylogeny of Coronaviruses in Wild Birds from the Bering Strait Area (Beringia)
Prevalence and Phylogeny of Coronaviruses in Wild Birds from the Bering Strait Area (Beringia)
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0013640
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发表时间：
2010-10-29
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Olsen, Bjorn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Muradrasoli, Shaman;Balint, Adam;Olsen, Bjorn
冠状病毒(CoV)可在人和动物中引起轻微到严重的疾病，其宿主范围和环境传播似乎在很大程度上被低估了，目前正在调查它们的潜在医学意义。传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)属于伽马冠状病毒，引起鸡一种代价高昂的呼吸道病毒病。野生鸟类在IBV流行病学中的作用还知之甚少。在本研究中，我们对从贝林贾地区26种野生鸟类采集的1002份泄殖腔和粪便样本进行了冠状病毒的检测，然后进行了统计和系统发育分析。我们通过RT-PCR在贝林贾地区的野生鸟类中检测到了不同的冠状病毒。序列分析表明，检测到的病毒为与IBV相关的伽马冠状病毒。这些发现表明，野生鸟类能够无症状地携带伽马冠状病毒。我们得出的结论是，冠状病毒在Beringia的野生鸟类中很普遍，它们的地理传播和频率比之前意识到的更高。因此，禽冠状病毒可以在很长的距离内有效传播，并可能成为未来新出现的致病性冠状病毒的遗传库。考虑到IBV对动物健康和经济的巨大影响，以及最近出现的新的冠状病毒，如SARS冠状病毒，研究野生动物宿主在冠状病毒感染生物学和流行病学中的作用是重要的。
Coronaviruses (CoVs) can cause mild to severe disease in humans and animals, their host range and environmental spread seem to have been largely underestimated, and they are currently being investigated for their potential medical relevance. Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) belongs to gamma-coronaviruses and causes a costly respiratory viral disease in chickens. The role of wild birds in the epidemiology of IBV is poorly understood. In the present study, we examined 1,002 cloacal and faecal samples collected from 26 wild bird species in the Beringia area for the presence of CoVs, and then we performed statistical and phylogenetic analyses. We detected diverse CoVs by RT-PCR in wild birds in the Beringia area. Sequence analysis showed that the detected viruses are gamma-coronaviruses related to IBV. These findings suggest that wild birds are able to carry gamma-coronaviruses asymptomatically. We concluded that CoVs are widespread among wild birds in Beringia, and their geographic spread and frequency is higher than previously realised. Thus, Avian CoV can be efficiently disseminated over large distances and could be a genetic reservoir for future emerging pathogenic CoVs. Considering the great animal health and economic impact of IBV as well as the recent emergence of novel coronaviruses such as SARS-coronavirus, it is important to investigate the role of wildlife reservoirs in CoV infection biology and epidemiology.