Revision of the bizarre Mesozoic scorpionflies in the Pseudopolycentropodidae (Mecopteroidea)
Revision of the bizarre Mesozoic scorpionflies in the Pseudopolycentropodidae (Mecopteroidea)
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DOI：
10.1163/187631205794761021
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Rasnitsyn, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grimaldi, D;Zhang, JF;Rasnitsyn, A
中生代伪多心足科目前由欧洲和亚洲中三叠世至晚侏罗世的七个已描述物种组成。英国早侏罗世伪多心龙（pseudopolypolycentropus prolatipennis Whalley）在重新鉴定其类型的基础上进行了订正。本文描述了四个新种，为该科增加了显著的分布和地层扩展。格里马尔迪和弗雷泽，gen. n., sp.。来自美国弗吉尼亚州晚三叠世（卡尼期）的是西半球该科的第一种。中国晚侏罗世Pseudopolycentropus daohugouensis Zhang， sp. n.与哈萨克斯坦晚侏罗世p.l atipennis Martynov， 1927非常相似。缅甸北部中白垩世琥珀中两个非常相似的种的4个标本，Parapolycentropus burmiticus Grimaldi和Rasnitsyn， gen. n., sp.n。P. paraburmiticus Grimaldi和Rasnistyn， sp.n。是白垩纪家族中唯一的标本。琥珀类是特殊的，它们的后翼缩小到一个小叶，触角鞭毛变成了一个铃毛，唇唇消失了，而且——就像晚侏罗世的物种一样——裂口和可能是下颌骨的东西被变成了一个长长的、像花柱一样的喙。长吻鼻的物种以什么为食尚不清楚，但肯定是血。在琥珀中完整保存的形态学细节，特别是雌性末端，证实了先前的观点，即这个不寻常的群体在系统发育上是现代甲翅目的基础。
The Mesozoic family Pseudopolycentropodidae presently consists of seven described species from the mid-Triassic to the Late Jurassic of Europe and Asia. Pseudopolycentropus prolatipennis Whalley, from the Early Jurassic of England, is revised based on re-examination of the type. Four new species are described herein that add significant distributional and stratigraphic extensions to the family. Pseudopolycentropodes virginicus Grimaldi and Fraser, gen. n., sp.n. from the Late Triassic (Carnian) of Virginia USA is the first species of the family from the Western Hemisphere. Pseudopolycentropus daohugouensis Zhang, sp. n. from the Late Jurassic of China is very similar to P. latipennis Martynov, 1927 from the Late Jurassic of Kazakhstan. Four specimens belonging to two very similar species in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Burma (Myanmar), Parapolycentropus burmiticus Grimaldi and Rasnitsyn, gen. n., sp.n. and P. paraburmiticus Grimaldi and Rasnistyn, sp.n., are the only specimens of the family from the Cretaceous. The amber species are exceptional, with the hind wing reduced to a minute lobe, the antennal flagellum modified into an arista, labial palps are lost, and - like the Late Jurassic species - the laciniae and what are probably mandibles are modified into a long, stylet-like proboscis. What the species with long proboscides fed upon is ambiguous, but it was doubtfully blood. Complete preservation in amber of morphological details, particularly the female terminalia, confirms previous views that this unusual group is phylogenetically basal to Recent Mecoptera.