Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of nitroarenes and their sources in the environment.
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of nitroarenes and their sources in the environment.
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DOI：
10.3109/10408448609037070
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
H. Tokiwa;Y. Ohnishi;H. Rosenkranz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Tokiwa;Y. Ohnishi;H. Rosenkranz
据推测，硝基芳烃在燃烧过程中诱发的诱变剂/致癌物中起主要作用，此外，还广泛分布在环境中。本综述涉及以下有关硝基芳烃毒性的要点。通过短期生物测定获得的硝基芳烃致突变性数据有望为我们确定其遗传毒性和致癌性提供足够的信息。因此，讨论了用沙门氏菌、埃希氏菌和酵母测试系统检测到的致突变性。哺乳动物细胞的基因毒性对于确定硝基芳烃的诱变特性也很重要。本文总结了中国仓鼠卵巢细胞的致突变性、姐妹染色单体交换和细胞转化。硝基芳烃的体内和体外代谢对于确定其行为和活性形式非常重要。因此，描述了有关硝基芳烃代谢的当前研究。许多工作人员报告了硝基芳烃对动物的致癌性。在这篇综述中，描述了硝基芳烃诱导的肿瘤的发生率和组织学特征。此外，还讨论了人类肺癌与硝基芳烃之间可能的关联。给出了环境中硝基芳烃的来源。总结了用于鉴定硝基芳烃的各种化学测试的结果，并提出了硝基芳烃对人类风险的推测。
Nitroarenes are postulated to play a principal part among mutagens/carcinogens which are induced in the combustion process and, in addition, are widely distributed in the environment. This review deals with the following points concerning nitroarene toxicity. Data on the mutagenicity of nitroarenes obtained by short-term bioassays are expected to provide us with sufficient information for us to determine their genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Therefore, mutagenicity detected with Salmonella, Escherichia, and yeast test systems is discussed. Genotoxicity in mammalian cells is also important for determining the mutagenic properties of nitroarenes. In this article, mutagenicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells, sister chromatid exchanges, and cell transformation is summarized. The metabolism of nitroarenes in vivo and in vitro is of importance for determining their behavior and active forms. Therefore, current studies regarding metabolism of nitroarenes are described. Carcinogenicity of nitroarenes for animals has been reported by many workers. In this review, the incidence and histological features of tumors induced by nitroarenes are described. Furthermore, the possible association between human lung cancer and nitroarenes is discussed. Sources of nitroarenes in the environment are given. The results of various chemical tests for identifying nitroarenes are summarized, and speculation on the risk of nitroarenes for humans is presented.