Effects of multi-stressors on juveniles of the marine fish Pomatoschistus microps: Gold nanoparticles, microplastics and temperature
Effects of multi-stressors on juveniles of the marine fish Pomatoschistus microps: Gold nanoparticles, microplastics and temperature
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.11.011
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Guilhermino, Lucia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferreira, Pedro;Fonte, Elsa;Guilhermino, Lucia
环境和人类风险评估所需的关于多重压力影响的知识仍然有限。本研究调查了金纳米颗粒（Au-NP），微塑料（MP）和温度升高对Pomatoschistus microps的综合影响，Pomatoschistus microps是几种高级捕食者的重要猎物，包括一些可食用的物种。测试了四个零假设：H 0（1）：P. microps幼鱼不通过水吸收Au-NP; H 0（2）：Au-NP（ppb范围）对幼鱼无毒; H 0（3）：MP的存在不影响Au-NP对幼鱼的影响; H 0（4）：温度升高（20-25 ℃）不会改变测试化学品对幼鱼的影响。野生幼鱼已适应实验室条件。然后，在20 ℃和25 ℃下，在半静态条件下，将它们暴露于Au-NP（直径约为5 nm）和MP（聚乙烯球，直径1-5 μ m）单独和混合物中。在暴露于Au-NP 96小时后，鱼体内含有金（0.129-0.546 μ g w. w.）H 0（1）拒绝。单独暴露于Au-NP导致捕食性能下降（约-39%，p < 0.05），导致H 0（2）拒绝。MP没有改变导致H 03可接受的Au-NP毒性。温度升高显著增加了暴露于Au-NP的鱼体内的金浓度（约2.3倍），并与化学效应（例如谷胱甘肽S转移酶活性）相互作用，导致H 0（4）拒绝。因此，这项研究的结果强调了进一步研究多种压力对海洋鱼类的影响的重要性，特别是温度对纳米颗粒和微塑料单独或混合物的吸收，生物转化，消除和影响的影响。这方面的知识对于改进对这些高度关注的环境污染物进行环境和人类风险评估的基础至关重要。(C)2015爱思唯尔B. V.保留所有权利。
Knowledge on multi-stressors effects required for environmental and human risk assessments is still limited. This study investigated the combined effects of gold nanoparticles (Au-NP), microplastics (MP) and temperature increase on Pomatoschistus microps, an important prey for several higher level predators, including some species edible to humans. Four null hypotheses were tested: H0(1): P. microps juveniles do not take up Au-NP through the water; H0(2): Au-NP (ppb range) are not toxic to juveniles; H0(3): the presence of MP do not influence the effects of Au-NP on juveniles; H0(4): temperature increase (20-25 degrees C) does not change the effects of the tested chemicals on juveniles. Wild juveniles were acclimated to laboratory conditions. Then, they were exposed to Au-NP (approximate to 5nm diameter) and MP (polyethylene spheres, 1-5 mu m diameter), alone and in mixture, at 20 degrees C and 25 degrees C, in semi-static conditions. After 96 h of exposure to Au-NP, fish had gold in their body (0.129-0.546 mu g w.w.) leading to H0(1) refusal. Exposure to Au-NP alone caused a predatory performance decrease (approximate to-39%, p < 0.05) leading to H0(2) refusal. MP did not change the Au-NP toxicity leading to H03 acceptance. Temperature rise significantly increased the concentration of gold in fish exposed to Au-NP (approximate to 2.3 fold), and interacted with chemical effects (e.g. glutathione Stransferases activity) leading to H0(4) refusal. Thus, the results of this study highlight the importance of further investigating the effects of multi-stressors on marine fish, particularly the effects of temperature on the uptake, biotransformation, elimination and effects of nanoparticles and microplastics, either alone or in mixture. This knowledge is most important to improve the basis for environmental and human risk assessments of these environmental contaminants of high concern. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.