Modular Assembly of Polysaccharide-Degrading Marine Microbial Communities
Modular Assembly of Polysaccharide-Degrading Marine Microbial Communities
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2019.03.047
复制
发表时间：
2019-05-06
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Cordero, Otto X.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Enke, Tim N.;Datta, Manoshi S.;Cordero, Otto X.
理解控制地球生物群落中微生物群落组装的原理是现代微生物生态学的一个主要挑战。由于难以将功能角色和相互作用映射到具有巨大分类多样性的群落上，以及难以确定微生物相互作用的规模，这种追求变得复杂[1]。为了应对这一挑战，在这里，我们专注于在海洋中定居和降解颗粒有机物的细菌群落[2-4]。我们表明，这些社区的组装可以简化为一个线性组合的功能模块。使用浸入天然浮游细菌组合中的合成多糖颗粒[1，5]，我们表明，连续颗粒定殖动力学是由两种类型的模块的相互作用驱动的：第一种类型由狭义的初级降解剂制成，其动力学由颗粒多糖组成控制，第二类含有底物非依赖性分类群，其动力学受种间相互作用控制，特别是通过有机酸，氨基酸，和其他代谢副产品。我们表明，作为这种营养结构的结果，社区可以组装模块化，即，通过底物特异性初级降解器模块的简单总和，一个用于颗粒中的每种复合多糖，连接到单个宽生态位范围的消费者模块。与该模型一致，单一多糖颗粒上的群落的线性组合准确地预测混合多糖颗粒上的群落组成。我们的研究结果表明，异养菌群的组装，降解复杂的有机材料遵循简单的设计原则，可以利用工程异养微生物。
Understanding the principles that govern the assembly of microbial communities across earth's biomes is a major challenge in modern microbial ecology. This pursuit is complicated by the difficulties of mapping functional roles and interactions onto communities with immense taxonomic diversity and of identifying the scale at which microbes interact [1]. To address this challenge, here, we focused on the bacterial communities that colonize and degrade particulate organic matter in the ocean [2-4]. We show that the assembly of these communities can be simplified as a linear combination of functional modules. Using synthetic polysaccharide particles immersed in natural bacterioplankton assemblages [1, 5], we showed that successional particle colonization dynamics are driven by the interaction of two types of modules: a first type made of narrowly specialized primary degraders, whose dynamics are controlled by particle polysaccharide composition, and a second type containing substrate-independent taxa whose dynamics are controlled by interspecific interactions-in particular, cross-feeding via organic acids, amino acids, and other metabolic byproducts. We show that, as a consequence of this trophic structure, communities can assemble modularly-i.e., by a simple sum of substrate-specific primary degrader modules, one for each complex polysaccharide in the particle, connected to a single broad-niche range consumer module. Consistent with this model, a linear combination of the communities on single-polysaccharide particles accurately predicts community composition on mixed-polysaccharide particles. Our results suggest that the assembly of heterotrophic communities that degrade complex organic materials follows simple design principles that could be exploited to engineer heterotrophic microbiomes.