DEVELOPMENTAL POTENCIES OF NUCLEI FROM CLEAVAGE, PREBLASTODERM, AND SYNCYTIAL BLASTODERM TRANSPLANTED INTO UNFERTILIZED EGGS OF DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER
DEVELOPMENTAL POTENCIES OF NUCLEI FROM CLEAVAGE, PREBLASTODERM, AND SYNCYTIAL BLASTODERM TRANSPLANTED INTO UNFERTILIZED EGGS OF DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01380620
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发表时间：
1972-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
ILLMENSEE, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ILLMENSEE, K
将黑腹果蝇（Drosophilamelanogaster）不同发育阶段和不同部位的卵细胞核（卵裂核、前胚盘极核和合胞胚盘侧核）单独植入未受精的wsn3lz50卵细胞，以测定它们的发育潜能。发育停滞在五个临界胚胎阶段之一或三个幼虫龄期之一。对于所有三种类型的供体细胞核，个体达到不同阶段的频率大致相同。阶段特异性缺陷模式与移植细胞核的类型无关，与正常发育的偏差与仅被穿刺或细胞质被注入的受精卵发育的对照组大致相似。在这些对照实验中也出现了许多缺陷胚胎。这些和其他观察结果表明，在核移植后发现的大部分不规则发育的个体可以归因于卵物质的损失，核植入期间卵内部组织的干扰，以及植入的核在适应卵内自主过程中的困难，如细胞质岛的形成和迁移。一些来自核移植的缺陷胚胎和幼虫被植入成年宿主。培养14天后，早期胚胎阶段已形成几个幼虫结构，晚期胚胎和幼虫阶段已发育所有幼虫器官。将体外培养的胚胎和幼虫的增殖的成虫原基以及3龄幼虫的成虫盘植入寄主体内，经过变态，分化成成虫结构。所有三种类型的供体核都能够产生所有成人结构derivedin situ从成虫盘。这些结构的表型为野生型，从而证明它们起源于移植的细胞核.为什么不是所有移植的细胞核都开始发育，以及为什么核移植后的发育最迟在三龄幼虫时被阻止的问题进行了讨论。
Wild-type nuclei from eggs ofDrosophila melanogasterat various developmental stages and from different regions of the egg—cleavage nuclei, pole nuclei from preblastoderm, and lateral nuclei from syncytial blastoderm—were singly implanted into unfertilizedy w sn3lz50eeggs to determine their developmental potencies.All three types of transplanted nuclei were almost equally effective in initiating development of unfertilized eggs. Development was arrested in one of five critieal embryonic stages or in one of the three larval instars. The frequency of individuals reaching a distinct stage was approximately the same for all three types of donor nuclei. The stage-specific pattern of defects was independent of the type of nucleus transplanted.The deviations from normal development were broadly similar to those seen in controls developing from fertilized eggs which had only been punctured or into which cytoplasm had been injected. Many defective embryos also occurred in these control experiments. These and other observations indicate that a large proportion of irregularly developed individuals found after nuclear transfer can be ascribed to loss of egg material, disturbances in the internal organization of the egg during nuclear implantation, and the difficulty the implanted nucleus has in adjusting to the autonomous processes within the egg, such as the formation and migration of cytoplasmic islands.Some of the defective embryos and larvae originating from nuclear transfer were implanted into adult hosts. After culture for 14 days the early embryonic stages had formed several larval structures, and the late embryonic and larval stages had developed all larval organs. The proliferated imaginal primordia of thesein vivocultured embryos and larvae, as well as the imaginal disks of the third instar larva, were then implanted into larval hosts with which they passed through metamorphosis and differentiated into imaginal structures. All three types of donor nuclei were capable of producing all adult structures derivedin situfrom imaginal disks. The phenotype of these structures waswild-type, thus demonstrating their origin from the transplanted nuclei.The problem as to why not all transplanted nuclei initiated development, and why development after nuclear transplantation was arrested at the third larval instar, at the latest, is discussed.