Fine particulate (PM2.5-PM1) at urban sites with different traffic exposure
Fine particulate (PM2.5-PM1) at urban sites with different traffic exposure
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.06.050
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Grosso, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giugliano, M;Lonati, G;Grosso, M
细颗粒物浓度数据产生的几个监测活动在米兰市的城市网站与不同的暴露于排放源。低容量PM2.5和PM 1采样器与低容量光学分析仪一起使用，使重量法和光学法获得的测量值之间能够相互比较。对不同地点观测到的浓度水平进行了比较，以指出一年中相应季节的地点内季节差异和地点间差异。这些不同的浓度水平进行了分析和解释，考虑到暴露于初级排放和会计的气象作用。PM10，PM2.5和PM 1的1小时浓度数据的分布方面进行了描述，并确定其相对质量分数。为了评估细颗粒物二次来源的重要性，使用PM2.5高容量采样器收集载尘过滤器，以进行化学表征分析。交通PM2.5排放的组成进行了研究，通过分析24小时的样本从城市隧道网站（TU）：碳质物种，有机碳（OC 0和元素碳（EC）的数据，得到这些物种之间的比率进行评估真实的交通排放。二次有机气溶胶（SOA）的贡献，PM2.5质量在环境空气中的主要OC/EC比的方法进行了评估，从TU的过滤器的化学数据的基础上。室外大气中的有机和无机二次产物在冬季贡献了约75%的PM2.5质量，在夏季贡献了40%：因此，为了达到空气质量标准，需要采取有效的长期行动，仍然控制主要污染物的排放，并且短期干预措施的潜力，如交通限制，似乎相当有限。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Fine particulate concentration data resulting from several monitoring campaigns performed in the city of Milan at urban sites with different exposure to the emission sources are presented. Low volume PM2.5 and PM1 samplers are utilised together with a low volume optical analyser, enabling the intercomparison between the measurements obtained by the gravimetrical and the optical method. The concentration levels observed at the different sites are compared in order to point out intra-site seasonal differences and inter-site differences for corresponding seasons of the year. These different concentration levels are analysed and explained considering the exposure to the primary emissions and accounting for the role of meteorology. PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 are described in terms of the distribution of 1-h concentration data and their relative mass fractions are determined. In order to assess the significance of secondary sources of fine particulate, a PM2.5 high volume sampler is utilised for the collection of dust-loaded filters to be analysed for chemical characterisation. The composition of PM2.5 emission from traffic is investigated by analysing 24-h samples from an urban tunnel site (TU): data on carbonaceous species, organic carbon (OC0 and elemental carbon (EC), are obtained and the ratio between these species is evaluated for real traffic emissions. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) contribution to PM2.5 mass in ambient air is assessed by means of the primary OC/EC ratio approach, based on chemical data of the filters from the TU. Organic and inorganic secondary production in the outdoor atmosphere is contributing for about 75% of PM2.5 mass in winter and 40% in summer: as a consequence, effective long-term actions, still controlling the emissions of primary pollutants too, are required for air quality standards attainment and the potentiality of short-term interventions, as traffic restriction, appears quite limited. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.