Experimental analysis of neighborhood effects
Experimental analysis of neighborhood effects
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0262.2007.00733.x
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Katz, Lawrence F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kling, Jeffrey R.;Liebman, Jeffrey B.;Katz, Lawrence F.
家庭，主要是有孩子的女性为户主的少数民族家庭，生活在美国五个城市的高度贫困的公共住房项目中，在“走向机会”计划中通过彩票获得住房券。在随机分配的四到七年后，提供代金券的家庭生活在更安全的社区，贫困率低于没有提供代金券的对照组。我们发现，这种干预对成年人的经济自给自足或身体健康没有显着的整体影响。为成年人和女青年提供的代金券对心理健康的好处是巨大的。女性青年在教育、危险行为和身体健康方面的有利影响被男性青年的不利影响所抵消。对于表现出显着的治疗效果的结果，我们发现，使用不同类型的优惠券和城市的治疗强度的变化，邻里贫困率和结果之间的关系近似线性。
Families, primarily female-headed minority households with children, living in high-poverty public housing projects in five U.S. cities were offered housing vouchers by lottery in the Moving to Opportunity program. Four to seven years after random assignment, families offered vouchers lived in safer neighborhoods that had lower poverty rates than those of the control group not offered vouchers. We find no significant overall effects of this intervention on adult economic self-sufficiency or physical health. Mental health benefits of the voucher offers for adults and for female youth were substantial. Beneficial effects for female youth on education, risky behavior, and physical health were offset by adverse effects for male youth. For outcomes that exhibit significant treatment effects, we find, using variation in treatment intensity across voucher types and cities, that the relationship between neighborhood poverty rate and outcomes is approximately linear.