Kinetic Control in the Alignment of Polar π-Conjugated Molecules inside Carbon Nanotubes
Kinetic Control in the Alignment of Polar π-Conjugated Molecules inside Carbon Nanotubes
复制标题
碳纳米管内极性π共轭分子排列的动力学控制
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b05455
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Yamamoto Wataru
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yumura Takashi;Yamamoto Wataru
Dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations analyze potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the insertion of a certain polarized π-conjugated molecule,p-(dimethylamino)-p′-nitrostilbene (DANS), inside an (m,m) carbon nanotube (n×DANS@(m,m)), wherenis the number of inner guests. The current study considered two types of DANS alignments as the dimer structures: linear and stacked alignments, where their dipole moments are oriented in parallel. DFT calculations revealed that a single DANS insertion into a tube with a diameter of approximately 1.0 nm spontaneously proceeds through attractive host–guest interactions. From an end to the middle of a tube, various metastable states and a global minimum structure appear. In 2×DANS@(m,m), which is assumed to be generated by the insertion of another molecule into the tube that already contains one guest, significant roles of intermolecular interactions are found to distinguish their PESs from the 1×DANS@(m,m) case. In addition, the strength of the intermolecular interactions varies depending on the inner DANS dimer alignment and host tube diameters, and thus, striking contrasts were found in PESs for 2×DANS@(m,m). In the formation of linearly aligned DANS molecules inside a tube, the PES is almost identical to that in 1×DANS@(m,m) due to very weak intermolecular interactions. By contrast, intermolecular interactions between the parallel stacked DANS molecules are sufficiently stronger to distinguish their PESs from those in 1×DANS@(m,m); attractive (repulsive) intermolecular interactions within the (8,8) ((7,7)) tube stabilize (destabilize) PESs that are involved in their metastable states and global minimum structure. More importantly, in the stacked alignments, we found the activation energy for the transformation from a metastable state to a global minimum, for which the value decreases in the following order: 20 kcal/mol for 2×DANS@(7,7) > 13 kcal/mol for 2×DANS@(8,8). According to the DFT findings, one can kinetically control the alignments of the DANS molecules inside a thicker tube (i.e., (8,8) tube). In fact, through temperature optimization in heat treatments where the above-mentioned activation energy cannot be overcome, a one-dimensional array of DANS molecules can be formed inside a thicker tube despite its thermodynamic instability. Since linear DANS alignments are responsible for maximizing static hyperpolarizability, the kinetic control technique can expand the diameter ranges of tubes as hosts for DANS guest aggregates exhibiting a significant second-order nonlinear optical response.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2004
期刊:
Journal of Physical Chemistry 108
影响因子:
--
作者:
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通讯作者:
T.Yumura
影响因子:
41.2
作者:
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通讯作者:
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影响因子:
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作者:
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通讯作者:
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发表时间:
2004
期刊:
Chemical Physics Letters 386
影响因子:
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作者:
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通讯作者:
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DOI:
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2007
期刊:
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影响因子:
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Yumura;T. et al.
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