Childhood and adolescent depression: Why do children and adults respond differently to antidepressant drugs?
Childhood and adolescent depression: Why do children and adults respond differently to antidepressant drugs?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuint.2007.06.025
复制
发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Reed, Abbey L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bylund, David B.;Reed, Abbey L.
儿童和青少年抑郁症对年轻人来说是一个越来越有问题的诊断，因为这个年龄段缺乏有效的治疗方法。成人抑郁症的症状可以有效地治疗多种类型的抗抑郁药物，这些药物是多年来通过动物和人类研究开发的。但是，许多用于治疗成人抑郁症的抗抑郁药不能用于儿童抑郁症，因为缺乏疗效和/或副作用。儿童和青少年对抗抑郁药治疗的反应与成人不同的原因尚不清楚。为了更好地了解儿童抑郁症的病因和对该年龄组有效的治疗方法，需要阐明成人，儿童和青少年之间的差异。对成年抑郁症的大部分理解来自使用成年动物的研究，因此使用幼年动物的研究可能有助于我们更好地了解儿童和青少年抑郁症。最近的研究表明，抗抑郁药治疗后，成年和幼年动物之间的神经化学和行为差异。幼龄动物与成年动物相比，在肾上腺素能和去甲肾上腺素能系统的成熟方面以及在达到相似脑水平所需的抗抑郁药物剂量方面存在差异。在两种抑郁症动物模型中，也报道了给予抗抑郁药物后肾上腺素能受体调节、生理性低温反应以及行为差异的差异。成人和青少年之间的差异，不仅在人类对抗抑郁药的反应，而且与动物研究保证了儿童和成人抑郁症的研究和新的治疗方法是追求之间的具体区别。(C)2007爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Childhood and adolescent depression is an increasingly problematic diagnosis for young people due to a lack of effective treatments for this age group. The symptoms of adult depression can be treated effectively with multiple classes of antidepressant drugs which have been developed over the years using animal and human studies. But many of the antidepressants used to treat adult depression cannot be used for pediatric depression because of a lack of efficacy and/or side effects. The reason that children and adolescents respond differently to antidepressant treatment than adults is poorly understood. In order to better understand the etiology of pediatric depression and treatments that are effective for this age group, the differences between adults, children and adolescents needed to be elucidated. Much of the understanding of adult depression has come from studies using adult animals, therefore studies using juvenile animals would likely help us to better understand childhood and adolescent depression. Recent studies have shown both neurochemical and behavioral differences between adult and juvenile animals after antidepressant treatment. Juvenile animals have differences compared to adult animals in the maturation of the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems, and in dose of antidepressant drug needed to achieve similar brain levels. Differences after administration of antidepressant drug have also been reported for adrenergic receptor regulation, a physiologic hypothermic response, as well as behavioral differences in two animal models of depression. The differences between adults and juveniles not only in the human response to antidepressants but also with animals studies warrant a specific distinction between the study of pediatric and adult depression and the manner in which new treatments are pursued. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.