Enfleurage, lipid recycling and the origin of perfume collection in orchid bees
Enfleurage, lipid recycling and the origin of perfume collection in orchid bees
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2007.0727
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发表时间：
2007-11-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Lunau, Klaus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eltz, Thomas;Zimmermann, Yvonne;Lunau, Klaus
萃取法，即在亲脂性载体（油脂）的帮助下提取难以捉摸的花香，广泛应用于香水工业。雄性新热带兰花蜜蜂（Euglossini），积累外源性的香味作为信息素类似物，使用类似的技术。为了收集香味，蜜蜂从头唇腺向散发气味的表面涂抹大量的直链脂质，溶解挥发物，然后将混合物转移到大量的后腿口袋中。在这里，我们表明，男性实际上操作脂质传送带积累和集中他们的香水。从后腿口袋里的笼子里的男性Euglossa viridissima，氘代衍生物的载体脂质连续隔离，穿梭回到唇腺和重复使用的连续回合的香味收集。这种脂质循环有助于产生复杂的香水花束。此外，我们发现雄性兰蜂的唇腺在大小、形态和结构上与标记气味的雄性熊蜂的唇腺惊人地相似。这一点，以及一个突出的重叠分泌产品，使我们提出，香水收集进化的祖先corbiculate蜜蜂的气味标记。
Enfleurage, the extraction of elusive floral scents with the help of a lipophilic carrier (grease), is widely used in the perfume industry. Male neotropical orchid bees (Euglossini), which accumulate exogenous fragrances as pheromone analogues, use a similar technique. To collect fragrances, the bees apply large amounts of straight-chain lipids to odoriferous surfaces from their cephalic labial glands, which dissolve the volatiles, and the mixture is then transferred to voluminous hind-leg pockets. Here, we show that males do in fact operate a lipid conveyor belt to accumulate and concentrate their perfume. From the hind-leg pockets of caged male Euglossa viridissima, deuterated derivatives of carrier lipids were consecutively sequestered, shuttled back to the labial glands and reused on consecutive bouts of fragrance collection. Such lipid cycling is instrumental in creating complex perfume bouquets. Furthermore, we found that labial glands of male orchid bees are strikingly similar to those of scent-marking male bumblebees in terms of size, form and structure. This, and a prominent overlap in secretory products, led us to propose that perfume collection evolved from scent-marking in ancestral corbiculate bees.