How does exercise benefit performance on cognitive tests in primary-school pupils?
How does exercise benefit performance on cognitive tests in primary-school pupils?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8749.2011.03954.x
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Mon-Williams, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hill, Liam J. B.;Williams, Justin H. G.;Mon-Williams, Mark
目的我们以前已经证明了改善认知性能后，以课堂为基础的锻炼制度。在这项研究中，我们在一个社会经济多样化的样本中检验了这种效应的可重复性，并调查了运动的认知益处是否受到体重指数（BMI）或注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的调节。（持续2周）将552名儿童（平均年龄9岁8个月，SD 1岁2个月;范围8- 12岁）按学校随机分为两个平衡组。儿童有资格参加，条件是他们没有得到任何额外的支助。一组在第一周接受了以课堂为基础的体育锻炼计划，然后在第二周没有计划，而另一组则相反。每个星期，所有参与者完成了认知测试电池，每天在一个部分交付在每个学校day.ResultsOn的认知测试，一个显着的相互作用之间的平衡组和运动观察（p < 0.001）。只有在第二周锻炼的参与者才能受益（平均改善均值为3.85，标准误为1.39）。虽然测试成绩受年龄，性别和ADHD症状的水平，运动的影响是不缓和的，无论是这些因素或BMI.InterpretationExercise干预措施有积极的影响（可变幅度）的认知性能，可能是通过促进实践效果。这些影响不受性别、ADHD症状水平或BMI的影响。
AimWe have previously demonstrated improved cognitive performance after a classroom-based exercise regime. In this study, we examined the reproducibility of this effect in a more socio-economically diverse sample and also investigated whether cognitive benefits of exercise were moderated by body mass index (BMI) or symptoms of attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodA crossover design trial (2wks in duration) randomized 552 children (mean age 9y 8mo, SD 1y 2mo; range 8-12y) by their school into two counterbalanced groups. Children were eligible to participate provided that they did not receive any additional support. One group received a classroom-based programme of physical exercise on week 1 and then no programme on week 2, and this order was reversed for the other group. Each week, all participants completed a cognitive test battery that was delivered in one part per day at the end of each school day.ResultsOn the cognitive tests, a significant interaction between counterbalance group and exercise was observed (p < 0.001). Benefits occurred only for participants who exercised during the second week (mean improvement mean 3.85, standard error 1.39). Although test scores were affected by age, sex, and level of ADHD symptoms, the effect of exercise was not moderated by either these factors or BMI.InterpretationExercise interventions have a positive effect (with variable magnitude) on cognitive performance, possibly by facilitating practice effects. These effects are not moderated by sex, ADHD symptom level, or BMI.