Field assessment of the impacts of landscape structure on different sized airborne particles in residential areas of Beijing, China
Field assessment of the impacts of landscape structure on different sized airborne particles in residential areas of Beijing, China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.07.026
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Dong, Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fan, Shuxin;Li, Xiaopeng;Dong, Li
在高密度的大都市中，居住区是重要的人居环境。中国，为了调查景观结构对居住区不同大小颗粒物水平的影响，利用移动导线对北京市18个居住区冬季(2015年12月，2016年2月)和夏季(2016年6月，8月)白天的TSP、PM10、PM2.5和PM1进行了现场监测。计算了居住区环境中四种大小颗粒物(dTSP、dPM10、dPM2.5和dPM1)与附近相应城市背景之间的净浓度差(D)，可视为居住区环境中颗粒物浓度的降低。进一步研究了不同景观结构参数对这些净集中度差异的影响和相对贡献。结果表明，城市环境中颗粒物浓度分布具有较大的空间变异性。在居住环境中，与附近的城市背景相比，四个大小的颗粒物总体浓度较低。在所研究的18个居民区中，四种大小颗粒物的净浓度差异均有显著差异。夏季dTSP、dPM10、dPM2.5和dPM1平均值分别为18.92、12.28、2.01和0.53微克/立方米(3)，冬季分别为9.91、7.81、1.39和0.38微克/立方米(3)。不同景观结构参数对居住环境中TSP、PM10、PM2.5和PM1降幅的影响和相对贡献率不同，且呈现季节性变化。植被覆盖率(PerVC)和建筑物盖度(PerBC)的影响最大。PerVC每增加10%，夏季dTSP、dPM10、dPM2.5和dPM1分别增加5.03、8.15、2.16和0.20mU/m(3)，而PERBC每增加10%，冬季则分别减少41.37、16.54、2.47和0.95mU/m(3)。研究发现，增加植被覆盖率和减少建筑施工有利于改善居住环境中的空气颗粒物水平。此外，景观结构参数可以作为预测局部尺度上潜在颗粒物减少的指标。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
In high-density metropolis, residential areas are important human living environments. Aimed at investigating the impacts of landscape structure on the levels of different-sized airborne particle in residential areas, we conducted field monitoring of the levels of TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 using mobile traverses in 18 residential areas during the daytime in winter (Dec. 2015 Feb. 2016) and summer (Jun. Aug. 2016) in Beijing, China. The net concentration differences (d) of the four-sized particles (dTSP, dPM10, dPM2.5 and dPM1) between residential environments and nearby corresponding urban backgrounds, which can be regarded as the reduction of particle concentration in residential environments, were calculated. The effects and relative contributions of different landscape structure parameters on these net concentration differences were further investigated. Results showed that the distribution of particle concentrations has great spatial variation in urban environments. Within the residential environment, there were overall lower concentrations of the four-sized particles compared with the nearby urban background. The net concentration differences of the four-sized particles were all significantly different among the 18 studied residential areas. The average dTSP, dPM10, dPM2.5 and dPM1 reached 18.92, 12.28, 2.01 and 0.53 mu g/m(3) in summer, and 9.91, 7.81, 1.39 and 0.38 mu g/m(3) in winter, respectively. The impacts and relative contribution of different landscape structure parameters on the reductions of TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 in residential environments differed and showed seasonal variation. Percentage of vegetation cover (PerVC) and building cover (PerBC) had the greatest impact. A 10% increase in PerVC would increase about 5.03, 8.15, 2.16 and 0.20 mu g/m(3) of dTSP, dPM10, dPM2.5 and dPM1 in summer, and a 10% increase in PerBC would decreased about 41.37,16.54, 2.47 and 0.95 mu g/m(3) of them in winter. Increased vegetation coverage and decreased building construction were found to be conducive to ameliorate airborne particle levels in residential environments. Moreover, landscape structure parameters can be served as indicators for predicting the potential particle reduction at local scale. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.