Segregation and Violence Reconsidered: Do Whites Benefit from Residential Segregation?
Segregation and Violence Reconsidered: Do Whites Benefit from Residential Segregation?
复制标题
重新考虑种族隔离和暴力：白人是否从居住隔离中受益？
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Julia T. Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michael T. Light;Julia T. Thomas
尽管在过去的半个世纪里，黑人与白人之间的隔离明显减少，但学术界对日益融合的影响的关注仍然有限。这是一个重大遗漏，因为社会学家长期以来一直将居住隔离视为种族不平等的根本决定因素，并且现有研究对于隔离对不同种族群体的后果产生了不一致的发现。本研究以暴力案例为基础，将 5 个十年（1970 年至 2010 年）内 103 个主要大都市区的凶杀案、社会经济和人口特征等特定种族信息独特地结合起来，研究种族隔离对白人和黑人造成的犯罪后果。我们的调查得出了三个值得注意的发现：（1）种族隔离大大增加了黑人被杀受害的风险，而（2）同时降低了白人被杀受害的风险。这些异质效应的结果是（3）种族隔离在驱动凶杀死亡率的黑人与白人差异方面发挥着核心作用。这些发现表明，自 1970 年以来种族隔离的减少大大缩小了黑人与白人之间的凶杀率差距。
Despite marked declines in black-white segregation over the past half century, there has been limited scholarly attention to the effects of increasing integration. This is a significant omission given that sociologists have long viewed residential segregation as a fundamental determinant of racial inequality, and extant research has produced inconsistent findings on the consequences of segregation for different racial groups. Using the case of violence, this study leverages a unique combination of race-specific information on homicide, socioeconomic, and demographic characteristics for 103 major metropolitan areas across five decades (1970 to 2010) to examine the criminogenic consequences of segregation for whites and blacks. Three notable findings emerge from our inquiry: (1) racial segregation substantially increases the risk of homicide victimization for blacks while (2) simultaneously decreasing the risk of white homicide victimization. The result of these heterogeneous effects is that (3) segregation plays a central role in driving black-white differences in homicide mortality. These findings suggest the declines in racial segregation since 1970 have substantially attenuated the black-white homicide gap.