Why is poverty unhealthy? - Social and physical mediators
Why is poverty unhealthy? - Social and physical mediators
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00015-7
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Mason, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, DA;Farley, TA;Mason, K
社会经济地位与死亡率相关，但并不能完全解释健康差异。本研究分析了美国芝加哥社区人类发展项目 (PHDCN) 的数据，以确定与过早死亡相关的社区层面因素。 1990 年美国人口普查数据和芝加哥的死亡率数据与 PHDCN 的数据合并，PHDCN 是一项针对 343 个芝加哥社区的 8782 名居民的研究。我们进行了多变量分析，以确定过早死亡与集中劣势、居住稳定性、移民集中度、“集体效能”（衡量为共同利益提供帮助的意愿）和“破窗”（用木板封住的商店和房屋、乱扔垃圾和涂鸦）之间的关联。集体效能和破窗似乎都能调节集中劣势对全因过早死亡率以及心血管疾病和凶杀死亡率的影响，但破窗和集体效能之间也存在交互作用。应进一步调查与贫困相关的非收入特征。需要采取干预措施来确定这些因素是否与健康存在因果关系。 (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Socioeconomic status is associated with mortality, yet does not fully explain health disparities. This study analyzed data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN), in the USA, to identify neighborhood-level factors associated with premature mortality. 1990 US Census data and mortality data from Chicago were merged with data from PHDCN, a study of 8782 residents in 343 Chicago neighborhoods. We performed a multivariate analysis to determine the association between premature mortality and concentrated disadvantage, residential stability, immigrant concentration, "collective efficacy" (a measure of willingness to help out for the common good), and "broken windows" (boarded up stores and homes, litter, and graffiti). Both collective efficacy and broken windows appeared to mediate the effect of concentrated disadvantage on all-cause premature mortality and mortality from cardiovascular disease and homicide, but there was also an interaction between broken windows and collective efficacy. Non-income characteristics associated with poverty should be further investigated. Interventions to determine whether these factors are causally related to health are needed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.