Emergency medical service systems in Japan: Past, present, and future
Emergency medical service systems in Japan: Past, present, and future
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DOI：
10.1016/j.resuscitation.2006.04.001
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Tanaka, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tanigawa, K;Tanaka, K
紧急医疗服务由日本地方政府的消防总部提供。有一个单一的EMS系统。救护车由三名船员组成，他们接受过救援，稳定，运输以及创伤和医疗紧急情况的高级护理培训。救护车人员提供三个级别的护理，包括基本级别。救护人员（急救一级，FAC-1），二级（标准急救级，SFAC）和最高级别（紧急救生技术员，ELST）。ELST接受了BLS各个方面的培训以及与院前紧急护理相关的一些ALS程序。随着救护人员的工作日趋复杂，进一步发展有效的医疗管制制度势在必行。另一个令人关切的问题是，最近紧急呼叫数量明显增加。目前，在一些地区已经开始提供运送非急性或轻伤/小病的私人服务，并正在制定119个电话分类的调度协议。(c)2006爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Emergency medical services are provided by the fire defence headquarters of the local government in Japan. There is a one-tiered EMS system. Ambulances are staffed by three crew members trained in rescue, stabilisation, transport, and advanced care of traumatic and medical emergencies. There are three levels of care provided by ambulance personnel including a basic-level. ambulance crew (First Aid Class One, FAC-1), a second level (Standard First Aid Class, SFAC), and the highest level (Emergency Life Saving Technician, ELST). ELSTs are trained in all aspects of BLS and some ALS procedures relevant to pre-hospital emergency care. Further development of an effective medical control system is imperative as the activities of ambulance crews become more sophisticated. A marked recent increase in the volume of emergency calls is another issue of concern. Currently, private services for transportation of non-acute or minor injury/illness have been introduced in some areas, and dispatch protocols to triage 119 calls are being developed. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.