Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: economic, regulatory, and policy implications
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: economic, regulatory, and policy implications
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DOI：
10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30128-5
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
44.5
通讯作者：
Trasande, Leonardo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kassotis, Christopher D.;Vandenberg, Laura N.;Trasande, Leonardo
由于疾病和残疾的增加，内分泌干扰物(EDCs)给社会带来了巨大的成本，但与致癌物等其他有毒物质不同的是，EDCs尚未作为危险类别被纳入法规。本系列论文研究了限制人类EDC暴露的经济、法规和政策方法，并描述了潜在的改进措施。在欧盟，EDCs的一般原则呼吁将人类接触降至最低，将其识别为高度关注的物质，并禁止在杀虫剂中使用。在美国，筛查和检测项目只专注于雌激素来源的内分泌细胞，监管严格基于风险。如果没有对EDC的明确总体定义和相关的上市前测试要求，将人类接触降至最低是不可能的。我们呼吁一个多方面的国际计划(例如，仿效国际癌症研究机构)来解决内分泌干扰物对人类健康的影响--这一方法将主动识别危险，以便随后进行监管。
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) substantially cost society as a result of increases in disease and disability but-unlike other toxicant classes such as carcinogens-have yet to be codified into regulations as a hazard category. This Series paper examines economic, regulatory, and policy approaches to limit human EDC exposures and describes potential improvements. In the EU, general principles for EDCs call for minimisation of human exposure, identification as substances of very high concern, and ban on use in pesticides. In the USA, screening and testing programmes are focused on oestrogenic EDCs exclusively, and regulation is strictly risk-based. Minimisation of human exposure is unlikely without a clear overarching definition for EDCs and relevant pre-marketing test requirements. We call for a multifaceted international programme (eg, modelled on the International Agency for Research in Cancer) to address the effects of EDCs on human health-an approach that would proactively identify hazards for subsequent regulation.