Associations of household dampness with asthma, allergies, and airway diseases among preschoolers in two cross-sectional studies in Chongqing, China: Repeated surveys in 2010 and 2019
Associations of household dampness with asthma, allergies, and airway diseases among preschoolers in two cross-sectional studies in Chongqing, China: Repeated surveys in 2010 and 2019
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中国重庆两项横断面研究中的家庭潮湿与学龄前儿童哮喘、过敏和气道疾病的关联：2010 年和 2019 年的重复调查
DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2020.105752
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Xiong, Jie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai, Jiao;Li, Baizhan;Xiong, Jie
许多研究探讨了家庭潮湿指标与儿童期过敏及呼吸系统疾病之间的关联。然而，研究结果并不一致。2010年，我们在中国重庆的三个城区对3 - 6岁的学龄前儿童开展了一项横断面研究。2019年，我们在相同城区针对同年龄段的学龄前儿童重复了这项横断面研究。在此，我们分别选取了2010年和2019年研究中自出生起未变更过居住地址的2935名和2717名学龄前儿童的数据。在这两项研究中，我们探究了家庭潮湿指标与儿童期哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、肺炎、湿疹、喘息和鼻炎之间的关联。2019年，存在家庭潮湿指标的住所比例以及所研究疾病（过敏性鼻炎除外）的患病率均显著低于2010年。在两级（城区 - 儿童）逻辑回归分析中，不同指标所显示的家庭潮湿暴露与终身患哮喘几率增加显著相关（校正比值比（AOR）范围：2019年为1.69 - 3.50；2010年为1.13 - 1.90）、与过敏性鼻炎（1.14 - 2.39；0.67 - 1.61）、肺炎（1.09 - 1.64；1.21 - 1.59）、湿疹（0.96 - 1.83；0.99 - 1.56）、喘息（1.64 - 2.79；1.18 - 1.91）、鼻炎（1.43 - 2.71；1.08 - 1.58）以及当前（调查前12个月内）湿疹（0.46 - 2.08；0.99 - 1.48）、喘息（0.97 - 2.86；1.26 - 2.07）和鼻炎（1.34 - 2.25；1.09 - 1.56）在大多数情况下也显著相关。大多数疾病增加的比值比（OR）与当前及早期住所中家庭潮湿指标的累积数量（n）存在暴露 - 反应关系。我们的研究结果表明，家庭潮湿暴露可能是儿童过敏和呼吸系统疾病的一个风险因素，尽管在不同研究中这些影响的程度可能有所不同。
Many studies have investigated the associations between household damp indicators, and allergies and respiratory diseases in childhood. However, the findings are rather inconsistent. In 2010, we conducted a cross-sectional study of preschoolers aged three-six years in three urban districts of Chongqing, China. In 2019, we repeated this cross-sectional study with preschoolers of the same ages and districts. Here, we selected data for 2935 and 2717 preschoolers who did not change residences since birth in the 2010 and 2019 studies, respectively. We investigated associations of household damp indicators with asthma, allergic rhinitis, pneumonia, eczema, wheeze, and rhinitis in childhood in the two studies. The proportions of residences with household damp indicators and the prevalence of the studied diseases (except for allergic rhinitis) were significantly lower in 2019 than in 2010. In the two-level (district-child) logistic regression analyses, household damp exposures that showed by different indicators were significantly associated with the increased odds of lifetime-ever asthma (range of adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.69-3.50 in 2019; 1.13-1.90 in 2010), allergic rhinitis (1.14-2.39; 0.67-1.61), pneumonia (1.09-1.64; 1.21-1.59), eczema (0.96-1.83; 0.99-1.56), wheeze (1.64-2.79; 1.18-1.91), rhinitis (1.43-2.71; 1.08-1.58), and current (in the past 12 months before the survey) eczema (0.46-2.08; 0.99-1.48), wheeze (0.97-2.86; 1.26-2.07) and rhinitis (1.34-2.25; 1.09-1.56) in most cases. The increased odds ratios (ORs) of most diseases had exposure-response relationships with the cumulative number (n) of household damp indicators in the current and early residences. Our results indicated household damp exposure could be a risk factor for childhood allergic and respiratory diseases, although the magnitudes of these effects could be different in different studies.