Spatio-temporal epidemiology of emergency medical requests in a large urban area. A scan-statistic approach
Spatio-temporal epidemiology of emergency medical requests in a large urban area. A scan-statistic approach
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DOI：
10.4081/gh.2021.1043
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Matthews, Stephen A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hashtarkhani, Soheil;Kiani, Behzad;Matthews, Stephen A.
院前护理由紧急医疗服务（EMS）工作人员提供，他们是灾难现场的最初卫生保健提供者。本研究旨在描述大都市地区紧急医疗服务呼叫者的特征及紧急医疗服务请求的时空分布。使用经验贝叶斯平滑方法创建了EMS请求的描述性专题图。基于Kulldorff扫描统计技术，对EMS数据进行了空间、时间和时空聚类分析。在研究期间，EMS调度中心登记了近225 000个电话。大约三分之二的电话与患者意识水平的改变有关，农村和城市EMS调度的平均响应时间分别为12.2和10.1分钟。EMS请求的时空集群主要位于城市的中心部分，特别是靠近市中心的区域。然而，高响应时间聚集区与这些一般的空间集群重叠较低。这种低收敛性表明，除了EMS请求之外，还有一些未知因素会影响高响应时间。本研究的结果可以帮助决策者更好地分配EMS资源，并实施有针对性的干预措施，以加强EMS系统在城市地区。
Pre-hospital care is provided by emergency medical services (EMS) staff, the initial health care providers at the scene of disaster. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of EMS callers and space-time distribution of emergency requests in a large urban area. Descriptive thematic maps of EMS requests were created using an empirical Bayesian smoothing approach. Spatial, temporal and spatio-temporal clustering techniques were applied to EMS data based on Kulldorff scan statistics technique. Almost 225,000 calls were registered in the EMS dispatch centre during the study period. Approximately two-thirds of these calls were associated with an altered level of patient consciousness, and the median response time for rural and urban EMS dispatches was 12.2 and 10.1 minutes, respectively. Spatio-temporal clusters of EMS requests were mostly located in central parts of the city, particularly near the downtown area. However, high-response time clustered areas had a low overlap with these general, spatial clusters. This low convergence shows that some unknown factors, other than EMS requests, influence the high-response times. The findings of this study can help policymakers to better allocate EMS resources and implement tailored interventions to enhance EMS system in urban areas.