Modeling initial breakdown pulses of intracloud lightning flashes
Modeling initial breakdown pulses of intracloud lightning flashes
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模拟云内闪电的初始击穿脉冲
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105734
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Stolzenburg, Maribeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karunarathne, Nilmini;Marshall, Thomas C.;Karunarathne, Sumedhe;Stolzenburg, Maribeth
在这项研究中，使用来自五个或更多电场变化(E-CHANGE)站点的数据来模拟来自四次大范围闪电(IC)闪电的29个初始击穿脉冲(IBP)。对于每个闪存，调查前5-9个定位的IBP。对于每个IBP，建模首先通过矩阵求逆从电子变化数据中提取IBP电流波形，然后确定与IBP数据匹配的最佳通道长度和电流速度。计算了总电荷量、电荷矩、峰值电流、峰值辐射功率和总能量。电流速度范围为4.0~2 0.0 × 10 7m/S，多数为10~16.5 × 10 7m/S。其中两次IC闪光具有两个“非常”的IBP，每个IBP具有很大的E变化幅度和多个子脉冲；这4个IBP的电流上升时间比−3.45~−2 0.06C公里的下降时间和电荷矩长。经典IBP的子脉冲与叠加在主IBP电流上的较小电流脉冲一致，并且可能是由其引起的。总体而言，29个IC IBP中的大多数具有峰值电流幅度&120kA和总(负)电荷<；2C，而四个非常的IB脉冲的峰值电流为217-359kA，总电荷为−8.4C至−71.7C。这四个非凡的IBP都具有高能云内脉冲(EIP)的特征，这种脉冲被认为是产生地面伽马射线闪光(TGFs)事件的无线电信号。异常的IBPs可能导致了双脉冲的TGFs和重叠的TGFs。
In this study 29 initial breakdown pulses (IBPs) from four intracloud (IC) lightning flashes are modeled using data from five or more electric field change (E-change) sites. For each flash the first 5–9 located IBPs are investigated. For each IBP the modeling first extracts the IBP current waveform from theE-change data by matrix inversion and then determines the best channel length and current velocity to match the IBP data. Derived IBP quantities of total charge, charge moment, peak current, peak radiated power, and total energy are calculated. Resulting IBP vertical lengths varied from 27 m to 1300 m; most values were 100–500 m. Current velocities ranged over 4.0–20.0 × 107m/s, with most values 10–16.5 × 107m/s. Two of these IC flashes had two “extraordinary” IBPs each with very largeE-change amplitude and multiple subpulses; these four extraordinary IBPs had longer current rise times than fall times and charge moments of −3.45 to −20.06C km. Subpulses of classic IBPs were coincident with, and likely caused by, smaller current pulses superimposed on the main IBP current. Overall, most of the 29 IC IBPs had peak current amplitudes <120 kA and total (negative) charge <2C, while the four extraordinary IB pulses had peak currents of 217–359 kA and total charges of −8.4C to −71.7C. The four extraordinary IBPs all have the characteristics of Energetic In-cloud Pulses (EIPs), which are thought to be the radio signals of events producing terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs). The extraordinary IBPs may have caused double-pulse TGFs and overlapping TGFs.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
S. Cummer;F. Lyu;M. Briggs;G. Fitzpatrick;O. Roberts;J. Dwyer
通讯作者：
S. Cummer;F. Lyu;M. Briggs;G. Fitzpatrick;O. Roberts;J. Dwyer
DOI：
10.1002/qj.49708335603
发表时间：
1957-01-01
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
CLARENCE, ND;MALAN, DJ
通讯作者：
MALAN, DJ
来自地面伽马射线闪光中电子束的无线电信号
DOI：
10.1029/2012ja018288
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
影响因子：
--
作者：
V. Connaughton;M. Briggs;S. Xiong;J. Dwyer;M. Hutchins;J. Grove;A. Chekhtman;D. Tierney;G. Fitzpatrick;S. Foley;S. McBreen;P. N. Bhat;V. Chaplin;E. Cramer;G. Fishman;R. Holzworth;M. Gibby;A. Kienlin;C. Meegan;W. Paciesas;R. Preece;C. Wilson
通讯作者：
C. Wilson
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Kostinskiy, Alexander Yu;Marshall, Thomas C.;Stolzenburg, Maribeth
通讯作者：
Stolzenburg, Maribeth
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Kostinskiy, A. Yu.;Syssoev, V. S.;Rakov, V. A.
通讯作者：
Rakov, V. A.