Bacterial penetration of the mucosal barrier by targeting lipid rafts
Bacterial penetration of the mucosal barrier by targeting lipid rafts
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DOI：
10.2310/6650.2005.53609
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Zaas, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abraham, SN;Duncan, MJ;Zaas, D
几个传统的细胞外病原体不知道拥有侵入能力已被证明入侵各种粘膜上皮细胞。粘膜上皮执行重要的屏障功能，并且通常不受细菌侵入的影响。从最近的研究中发现了细菌入侵的潜在基础的有价值的线索，这些研究检查了尿路致病性大肠杆菌对膀胱上皮细胞的入侵和铜绿假单胞菌对肺泡上皮细胞的入侵。在这两种情况下，细菌入侵是通过靶向分子，特别是发现在不同的鞘糖脂和胆固醇丰富的微域称为脂筏。脂筏在促进细菌入侵中的重要性被证明是因为脂筏的破坏物阻断了大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌的细胞入侵。此外，脂筏的分子组分被发现是高度富集在膜包裹这些细胞内的细菌。此外，小窝蛋白，这有助于稳定和组织脂筏组件，是必要的细菌进入。两者合计，脂质筏的靶向似乎是一种有效的，但认识不足的机制，病原菌用来绕过宿主的粘膜屏障。
Several traditionally extracellular pathogens not known to possess invasive capacity have been shown to invade various mucosal epithelial cells. The mucosal epithelium performs an important barrier function and is not typically amenable to bacterial invasion. Valuable clues to the underlying basis for bacterial invasion have emerged from recent studies examining the invasion of bladder epithelial cells by uropathogenic Escherichia coli and alveolar epithelial cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In both cases, bacterial invasion is achieved through targeting of molecules specifically found within distinct glycosphingolipid- and cholesterol-enriched microdomains called lipid rafts. The importance of lipid rafts in promoting bacterial invasion was shown as disruptors of lipid rafts blocked cellular invasion by both E coli and P aeruginosa. In addition, molecular components of lipid rafts were found to be highly enriched in membranes encasing these intracellular bacteria. Furthermore, caveolin proteins, which serve to stabilize and organize lipid raft components, are necessary for bacterial entry. Taken together, targeting of lipid rafts appears to be an effective but poorly recognized mechanism used by pathogenic bacteria to circumvent the mucosal barriers of the host.