The Depths of Despair Among US Adults Entering Midlife
The Depths of Despair Among US Adults Entering Midlife
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2019.305002
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Harris, Kathleen Mullan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gaydosh, Lauren;Hummer, Robert A.;Harris, Kathleen Mullan
目标.为了测试美国成年人的绝望指数是否随着他们步入中年而上升，以及这种上升是否集中在受教育程度低的白人和农村地区。我们使用的数据来自全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究，这是1994年对美国青少年的全国代表性研究。我们的样本仅限于参与5波（1994-2017）中的1波或多波的个体，并自我识别为非西班牙裔白色，非西班牙裔黑人或西班牙裔（n =18 446）。我们使用多水平回归分析来检验从青春期到成年期的绝望指标的变化，并检验种族/民族、教育和农村的差异。我们发现，在过去十年中，这一群体的绝望情绪不断上升。这种增长并不局限于受教育程度低的白人或农村地区。研究结果表明，现在达到中年的年轻人群体中普遍上升的绝望情绪跨越种族/民族，教育和地理群体，可能预示着未来十年这些亚组的中年死亡率上升。
Objectives. To test whether indicators of despair are rising among US adults as they age toward midlife and whether this rise is concentrated among low-educated Whites and in rural areas.Methods. We used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a nationally representative study of US adolescents in 1994. Our sample was restricted to individuals who participated in 1 or more of 5 waves (1994-2017) and self-identified as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, or Hispanic (n =18 446). We examined change in indicators of despair from adolescence to adulthood using multilevel regression analysis, testing for differences by race/ethnicity, education, and rurality.Results. We found evidence of rising despair among this cohort over the past decade. This increase was not restricted to low-educated Whites or to rural areas.Conclusions. Results suggest that generally rising despair among the young adult cohort now reaching midlife that cuts across racial/ethnic, educational, and geographic groups may presage rising midlife mortality for these subgroups in the next decade.