Negative Evaluations of Negative Alcohol Consequences Lead to Subsequent Reductions in Alcohol Use
Negative Evaluations of Negative Alcohol Consequences Lead to Subsequent Reductions in Alcohol Use
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DOI：
10.1037/adb0000095
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Colby, Suzanne M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnett, Nancy P.;Merrill, Jennifer E.;Colby, Suzanne M.
青年时期的酒精使用可能反映了一个学习过程，在这个过程中，积极和消极的酒精相关经历以及对这些经历的解释驱动了随后的行为。了解后果的影响和对后果的评估可以为干预方法提供信息。本研究的目的是探讨在何种程度上的积极和消极的酒精后果的数量经历和这些后果的评估预测随后的酒精使用和后果在大学生。在3所大学的学生（N = 679）完成了双周的基于网络的调查，酒精使用，积极和消极的后果，并为2学年的后果评估。分层线性模型测试了在给定的一周内的后果和评估是否预测了下一次评估时酒精使用和后果的变化。还评估了性别和年级的适度性。对过去一周的负面影响的评估比一个人的平均水平更负面，导致下一次评估时饮酒量减少。在随后的观察中，对负面后果的负面评价更多，女性的正面后果数量更多，但男性并非如此。在给定的一周内，积极后果的数量越多，随后的观察中积极和消极后果的数量也越多。消极后果的数量和积极后果的评价对以后的行为没有影响。显著的负面后果可能会推动自然减少酒精的使用，这表明旨在增加酒精负面影响的显着性的计划可能有效。
Alcohol use during young adulthood may reflect a learning process whereby positive and negative alcohol-related experiences and interpretations of those experiences drive subsequent behavior. Understanding the effect of consequences and the evaluation of consequences could be informative for intervention approaches. The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which the number of positive and negative alcohol consequences experienced and the evaluation of those consequences predict subsequent alcohol use and consequences in college students. Students at 3 colleges (N = 679) completed biweekly web-based surveys on alcohol use, positive and negative consequences, and consequence evaluations for 2 academic years. Hierarchical linear modeling tested whether consequences and evaluations in a given week predicted changes in alcohol use and consequences at the next assessment. Moderation by gender and class year were also evaluated. Evaluating past-week negative consequences more negatively than one's average resulted in decreases in alcohol use at the next assessment. More negative evaluation of negative consequences was followed in the subsequent observation by a higher number of positive consequences for females but not for males. A higher number of positive consequences in a given week was followed by a higher number of both positive and negative consequences in the subsequent observation. Number of negative consequences experienced and evaluation of positive consequences had no effect on later behavior. Salient negative consequences may drive naturalistic reductions in alcohol use, suggesting the possible efficacy of programs designed to increase the salience of the negative effects of alcohol.