The origin and maintenance of montane diversity: integrating evolutionary and ecological processes
The origin and maintenance of montane diversity: integrating evolutionary and ecological processes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/ecog.00578
复制
发表时间：
2014-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Sanders, Nathan J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Graham, Catherine H.;Carnaval, Ana C.;Sanders, Nathan J.
确定生态和进化过程如何产生当地物种丰富度的空间变化仍然是一个尚未解决的挑战。我们以山脉为模型系统，概述了一种综合研究方法，以评估生态和进化机制对沿海拔梯度和海拔梯度之间物种丰富度模式的生成和维持的影响。对物种丰富度模式感兴趣的生物多样性科学家通常首先记录区域和地方尺度的物种丰富度模式，然后根据他们对分类单元的了解以及山区的环境和历史特征，然后他们询问多样性与环境关系（如果存在）是否主要由生态或进化假设来解释。最后一步，也许也是最具挑战性的一步，是梳理生态和进化机制的相对影响。我们建议，通过利用山脉提供的复制环境，结合沿海拔梯度的有针对性的实验，可以阐明生态和进化机制的相对影响。这种方法不仅可以确定驱动物种丰富度模式的潜在机制，还可以让科学家就哪些因素产生和维持当地多样性提出更可靠的假设。
Determining how ecological and evolutionary processes produce spatial variation in local species richness remains an unresolved challenge. Using mountains as a model system, we outline an integrative research approach to evaluate the influence of ecological and evolutionary mechanisms on the generation and maintenance of patterns of species richness along and among elevational gradients. Biodiversity scientists interested in patterns of species richness typically start by documenting patterns of species richness at regional and local scales, and based on their knowledge of the taxon, and the environmental and historical characteristics of a mountain region, they then ask whether diversity-environment relationships, if they exist, are explained mostly by ecological or evolutionary hypotheses. The final step, and perhaps most challenging one, is to tease apart the relative influence of ecological and evolutionary mechanisms. We propose that elucidating the relative influence of ecological and evolutionary mechanisms can be achieved by taking advantage of the replicated settings afforded by mountains, combined with targeted experiments along elevational gradients. This approach will not only identify potential mechanisms that drive patterns of species richness, but also allow scientists to generate more robust hypotheses about which factors generate and maintain local diversity.