The Evolution of Water Resource Planning and Decision Making
The Evolution of Water Resource Planning and Decision Making
复制标题
水资源规划和决策的演变
DOI：
10.1093/erae/jbq018
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Harou J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harou J
这本书总结了美国水政策的历史发展，导致今天的水资源规划问题的内容和背景。在水资源部门工作的美国州或联邦雇员应该必读这篇文章。这一事实表明标题不完整；“……”，以真实地反映本书的内容。除了对19世纪法国工程师的少量参考外，这本书还重点介绍了美国水资源规划和政府机构决策的历史和最新趋势。一个重要的主题是美国水管理目标的演变，从单一目的（如供水或防洪）到多目标项目，再到目前的重点从发展转向生态系统恢复。这种演变伴随着法律的变化，联邦、州和地方政府角色的转变，以及水资源管理不仅仅是一个工程问题的认识。越来越多的经济学家和后来的生态学家被请来权衡各种选择并提出解决方案；现代工程师在这里很少得到报道。这本书叙述了水资源项目的跨学科规划的成功和失败，以及各种学科方法的有时故事的同居。经济学家和估值方法发挥了重要作用，本书追溯了20世纪主要的经济政策和方法辩论。
This book summarises the historical development of US water policy leading to the content and context of today’s water resource planning issues. The text should be required reading for US state or federal employees in the water resources sector. This fact points to the incomplete title; the words ‘... in the United States’ should have been appended to truthfully reflect the book’s content. Besides minor reference to French engineers of the nineteenth century, the book focuses on the history and recent trends of US water resources planning and decision-making by government bodies. An over-arching theme is the evolution of US water management goals from single purpose (eg water supply or flood control) to multi-objective projects to the current focus away from development and towards ecosystem restoration. This evolution is accompanied by changing laws, shifting roles of federal, state and local government, and the realisation that water management is more than just an engineering problem. Increasingly economists and later ecologists were brought in to weigh the options and propose solutions; modern engineers get little coverage here. The book recounts the success and failures of interdisciplinary planning of water resource projects and the sometimes storied cohabitation of the various disciplinary approaches. Economists and valuation methods played a major role and the book traces the major economic policy and methods debates of the twentieth century.