Primary Grade Writing Instruction: A National Survey
Primary Grade Writing Instruction: A National Survey
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DOI：
10.1037/a0012656
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Graham, Steve
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cutler, Laura;Graham, Steve
随机抽样的小学教师（N = 178; 97%的女性）从美国各地进行了调查，他们的课堂教学实践中的写作。大多数参与教师（72%）采取折衷的方法来写作教学，结合两种最常见的写作教学方法：过程写作和技能教学。虽然90%的教师报告说，使用大部分的写作教学实践，包括在调查中，有相当大的差异教师之间的频率，他们使用的具体做法。本研究支持以下七项小学写作教学改革建议：（a）增加学生的写作时间;（B）增加学生的短文写作时间;（c）在写作时间、学习写作策略和教授写作技巧之间提供更好的平衡;（d）更加重视培养学生的写作动机;（e）提高学生的写作能力。（e）加强家庭和学校之间的写作联系;（f）使计算机成为写作计划的一个更重要的组成部分;（g）改善教师教育计划中写作教学的专业发展。
A random sample of primary grade teachers (N = 178; 97% female) from across the United States was surveyed about their classroom instructional practices in writing. Most of the participating teachers (72%) took an eclectic approach to writing instruction, combining elements from the 2 most common methods for teaching writing: process writing and skills instruction. Although 90% of the teachers reported using most of the writing instructional practices that were included in the survey, there was considerable variability between teachers in how often they used specific practices. The study provides support for the following 7 recommendations for reforming primary grade writing instruction: (a) increase amount of time students spend writing; (b) increase time spent writing expository text; (c) provide better balance between time spent writing, learning writing strategies, and teaching writing skills; (d) place more emphasis on fostering students' motivation for writing; (e) develop stronger connections for writing between home and school; (f) make computers a more integral part of the writing program; and (g) improve professional development for writing instruction in teacher education programs.