Betaine is a positive regulator of mitochondrial respiration
Betaine is a positive regulator of mitochondrial respiration
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.12.005
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发表时间：
2015-01-09
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Lee, Icksoo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lee, Icksoo
甜菜碱保护细胞免受环境胁迫，并在几种生化途径中作为甲基供体。它可以降低心血管疾病的风险，并保护肝细胞免受酒精性肝损伤和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。它的预处理可以拯救暴露于毒素如鱼藤酮，氯仿和LiCl的细胞。此外，已经表明甜菜碱可以在体内和体外抑制癌细胞生长。线粒体电子传递链（ETC）复合物产生线粒体膜电位，这是产生细胞能量ATP所必需的。线粒体呼吸和能量状态的降低已在许多人类病理状况中发现，包括衰老、癌症和神经退行性疾病。在这项研究中，我们研究了甜菜碱是否直接靶向线粒体。我们表明，甜菜碱治疗导致的线粒体呼吸和细胞色素c氧化酶的活性在H2.35细胞，建议限速酶ETC在体内的上调。处理后，线粒体膜电位增加，细胞能量水平升高。我们认为甜菜碱对癌细胞的抗增殖作用可能是由于增强了线粒体（有助于逆转瓦尔堡效应的功能）。(C)2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Betaine protects cells from environmental stress and serves as a methyl donor in several biochemical pathways. It reduces cardiovascular disease risk and protects liver cells from alcoholic liver damage and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Its pretreatment can rescue cells exposed to toxins such as rotenone, chloroform, and LiCl. Furthermore, it has been suggested that betaine can suppress cancer cell growth in vivo and in vitro. Mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes generate the mitochondrial membrane potential, which is essential to produce cellular energy, ATP. Reduced mitochondrial respiration and energy status have been found in many human pathological conditions including aging, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease. In this study we investigated whether betaine directly targets mitochondria. We show that betaine treatment leads to an upregulation of mitochondrial respiration and cytochrome c oxidase activity in H2.35 cells, the proposed rate limiting enzyme of ETC in vivo. Following treatment, the mitochondrial membrane potential was increased and cellular energy levels were elevated. We propose that the anti-proliferative effects of betaine on cancer cells might be due to enhanced mitochondria( function contributing to a reversal of the Warburg effect. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.