Articular cartilage vesicles and calcium crystal deposition diseases.
Articular cartilage vesicles and calcium crystal deposition diseases.
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DOI：
10.1097/bor.0000000000000244
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Rosenthal AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rosenthal AK
关节软骨囊泡（ACVs）是细胞外的小囊泡，是关节软骨基质中病理性钙晶体沉积的病灶。在这篇综述中，我总结了acv在钙晶体形成中的作用，并讨论了最近的发现，这些发现影响了我们对健康和患病关节中acv的含量、行为和起源的理解。其他领域对细胞外囊泡的兴趣日益浓厚，这是一个及时而相关的话题。我强调了最近的研究表明，一些acv起源于健康关节软骨细胞的自噬途径。我回顾了越来越多的证据表明acv的非矿化功能有助于骨关节炎。我还讨论了支持细胞外囊泡在白细胞介素-1 β诱导的矿化和介导骨关节炎滑膜炎症分解代谢作用中的作用的新工作。在了解关节炎中acv和其他相关细胞外囊泡的起源和功能方面，我们正在取得缓慢而稳定的进展。有必要在这个有趣的领域进一步开展工作。
Articular cartilage vesicles (ACVs) are small extracellular vesicles that serve as foci of pathologic calcium crystal deposition in articular cartilage matrix. In this review, I have summarized the role of ACVs in calcium crystal formation and discuss recent findings that impact our understanding of the content, behavior, and origin of ACVs in healthy and diseased joints. The burgeoning interest in extracellular vesicles in other fields renders this a timely and relevant topic. I have highlighted recent studies demonstrating that some ACVs originate in the autophagic pathway in healthy articular chondrocytes. I have reviewed accumulating evidence that nonmineralizing functions of ACVs contribute to osteoarthritis. I have also discussed new work supporting a role for extracellular vesicles in interleukin-1 β-induced mineralization and in mediating the catabolic effects of synovial inflammation in osteoarthritis. We are making slow and steady progress in understanding the origin and function of ACVs and other relevant extracellular vesicles in arthritis. Further work in this interesting area is warranted.