An Evidence‐Based Strategy for Problem Solving
An Evidence‐Based Strategy for Problem Solving
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解决问题的循证策略
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. R. Woods
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. R. Woods
超过150出版的基本策略解决问题的记录和比较。描述了“嵌套”策略。研究总结了我们解决问题时所使用的认知和态度处理。描述了过去已成功解决的问题、主题知识、当前待解决的问题和问题解决过程之间的联系。“问题”与“演习”是有区别的。根据研究证据，提出了创建循证策略的11项标准。由此产生的战略描述。建议如何克服的倾向，使用的战略作为一系列的线性，顺序的步骤。总结了拟定循证策略的使用和有效性的证据。大多数成功的问题解决者都使用“策略”。在本文中，我们调查了已发表的策略，考虑了有关使用和通过策略进行教学的适当性的研究证据，总结了有关问题解决过程的相关研究证据，并应用标准来设计基于证据的问题解决策略。
Over 150 published basic strategies for problem solving are documented and compared. “Nested” strategies are described. Research is summarized of the cognitive and attitudinal processing used when we solve problems. The connection between past problems that have been solved successfully, the subject knowledge, the current problem to be solved, and the problem solving process is described. “Problems” are distinguished from “exercises.” Based on the research evidence, eleven criteria are posed for the creation of an evidence‐based strategy. A resulting strategy is described. Suggestions are given about how to overcome the propensity to use the strategy as a series of linear, sequential steps. Evidence is summarized of the use and effectiveness of the proposed evidence‐based strategy. Most successful problem solvers use a “strategy.” In this paper, we survey published strategies, consider the research evidence about the appropriateness of using and teaching via strategies, summarize pertinent research evidence about the problem solving process and apply criteria to devise an evidence‐based strategy for problem solving.