The genome of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum
The genome of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum
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DOI：
10.1038/nature03481
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发表时间：
2005-05-05
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Kuspa, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eichinger, L;Pachebat, JA;Kuspa, A
社会性变形虫具有在单细胞和多细胞形式之间交替的能力。在这里，我们描述了该组中研究最深入的成员——盘基网柄菌（Dictyostelium discoideum）的基因组。该生物体的基因密集染色体编码大约 12,500 个预测蛋白质，其中很大一部分具有长的重复氨基酸束。聚酮合酶和 ABC 转运蛋白有许多基因，表明存在广泛的次生代谢来产生和输出小分子。基因组富含复杂的重复序列，其中一类重复序列呈簇状，可能充当着丝粒。在每条染色体的末端都发现了染色体外核糖体 DNA (rDNA) 元件的部分拷贝，这表明存在一种新的端粒结构以及使用共同的机制来维持 rDNA 和染色体末端。基于蛋白质组的系统发育表明，在动植物分裂后，变形虫从动物-真菌谱系中分化出来，但盘基网柄菌似乎比植物、动物或真菌保留了更多的祖先基因组多样性。
The social amoebae are exceptional in their ability to alternate between unicellular and multicellular forms. Here we describe the genome of the best-studied member of this group, Dictyostelium discoideum. The gene-dense chromosomes of this organism encode approximately 12,500 predicted proteins, a high proportion of which have long, repetitive amino acid tracts. There are many genes for polyketide synthases and ABC transporters, suggesting an extensive secondary metabolism for producing and exporting small molecules. The genome is rich in complex repeats, one class of which is clustered and may serve as centromeres. Partial copies of the extrachromosomal ribosomal DNA ( rDNA) element are found at the ends of each chromosome, suggesting a novel telomere structure and the use of a common mechanism to maintain both the rDNA and chromosomal termini. A proteome-based phylogeny shows that the amoebozoa diverged from the animal - fungal lineage after the plant - animal split, but Dictyostelium seems to have retained more of the diversity of the ancestral genome than have plants, animals or fungi.