Rainwater runoff retention on an aged intensive green roof.
Rainwater runoff retention on an aged intensive green roof.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.085
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发表时间：
2013-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Speak;J. Rothwell;S. Lindley;C. L. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Speak;J. Rothwell;S. Lindley;C. L. Smith
城市地区的特点是大面积的不透水表面，这增加了雨水径流和地表水泛滥的可能性。根据目前的气候变化预测，预计降水会增加，这将对城市人口和基础设施造成进一步的压力。屋顶绿化可用于防洪方案中，以恢复城市的城市水文平衡。集约型绿色屋顶的基质更深，植物生物量更高，能够保留更多的径流，需要对这种不太常见的绿色屋顶进行更多的研究，同时调查年龄和植被组成等因素的影响。在英国曼彻斯特，我们分析了69次降雨事件中来自一个古老的密集绿色屋顶的径流量，并与相邻的铺砌屋顶进行了比较。绿色屋顶的平均留存率为65.7%，光秃秃屋顶的平均留存率为33.6%。综合土壤分类表明，基土为矿质土，总体状况良好，有机质含量高，可以提高土壤的持水能力。保留率数据的巨大变化使得预测回归模型的使用不可行。这种变化是由前干旱期（ADWP）、季节、月天气趋势和降雨持续时间、数量和峰值强度之间的复杂相互作用引起的。然而，在高降雨事件和高于平均降雨量的秋季，保留率明显降低。研究期间只涵盖了一个异常潮湿的年份，因此更长时间的研究可能会揭示出可以应用于其他地方密集屋顶的因素之间的关系。通过增加10%的绿色屋顶建设，曼彻斯特市中心的年降雨量将增加2.3%。这项研究的结果将对在温带和凉爽的海洋性气候中实施绿色空间适应的实践者特别感兴趣。
Urban areas are characterised by large proportions of impervious surfaces which increases rainwater runoff and the potential for surface water flooding. Increased precipitation is predicted under current climate change projections, which will put further pressure on urban populations and infrastructure. Roof greening can be used within flood mitigation schemes to restore the urban hydrological balance of cities. Intensive green roofs, with their deeper substrates and higher plant biomass, are able to retain greater quantities of runoff, and there is a need for more studies on this less common type of green roof which also investigate the effect of factors such as age and vegetation composition. Runoff quantities from an aged intensive green roof in Manchester, UK, were analysed for 69 rainfall events, and compared to those on an adjacent paved roof. Average retention was 65.7% on the green roof and 33.6% on the bare roof. A comprehensive soil classification revealed the substrate, a mineral soil, to be in good general condition and also high in organic matter content which can increase the water holding capacity of soils. Large variation in the retention data made the use of predictive regression models unfeasible. This variation arose from complex interactions between Antecedant Dry Weather Period (ADWP), season, monthly weather trends, and rainfall duration, quantity and peak intensity. However, significantly lower retention was seen for high rainfall events, and in autumn, which had above average rainfall. The study period only covers one unusually wet year, so a longer study may uncover relationships to factors which can be applied to intensive roofs elsewhere. Annual rainfall retention for Manchester city centre could be increased by 2.3% by a 10% increase in intensive green roof construction. The results of this study will be of particular interest to practitioners implementing greenspace adaptation in temperate and cool maritime climates.