Epigenetics and phenotypic variation in mammals.
Epigenetics and phenotypic variation in mammals.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00335-005-0180-2
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发表时间：
2006-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Whitelaw, Emma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peaston, Anne E.;Whitelaw, Emma
是什么导致了表型变异？到目前为止，已经很清楚，表型是基因型和环境之间相互作用的结果，除了不易归因于两者的变异之外。与表型变异相关的表观遗传现象在生物化学、细胞、组织和生物体水平上已经得到了很好的认识，并且很可能促成了所提到的“无形变异”。虽然很明显，表观遗传修饰是有丝分裂遗传的，但这一过程的保真度还没有得到很好的理解。通过一代以上减数分裂的遗传研究得更少。因此，表观遗传变化在多大程度上导致了自然群体的表型变异，目前仍不清楚。如何获得此类证据？表型的哪些特征可能提示表观遗传成分？表观遗传成分中有多少是真正独立于遗传变化的？这些问题的答案必须来自专门设计的研究，以检测微妙的，随机确定的表型变异，在适当的动物模型。
What causes phenotypic variation? By now it is clear that phenotype is a result of the interaction between genotype and environment, in addition to variation not readily attributable to either. Epigenetic phenomena associated with phenotypic variation at the biochemical, cellular, tissue, and organism level are now well recognized and are likely to contribute to the “intangible variation” alluded to. While it is clear that epigenetic modifications are mitotically heritable, the fidelity of this process is not well understood. Inheritance through more than one generation of meioses is even less well studied. So it remains unclear to what extent epigenetic changes contribute to phenotypic variation in natural populations. How might such evidence be obtained? What are the features of phenotypes that might suggest an epigenetic component? How much of the epigenetic component is truly independent of genetic changes? The answers to such questions must come from studies designed specifically to detect subtle, stochastically determined phenotypic variation in suitable animal models.
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