Faking gauge coupling unification in string theory
Faking gauge coupling unification in string theory
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.105.126012
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
James Halverson;Benjamin Sung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
James Halverson;Benjamin Sung
如果新的规范玻色子不同时进入光谱，规范耦合统一会误导红外观察者。虽然规范理论很容易设计，但弦理论中的情况由于模量依赖性而很微妙。我们研究了在 $4$d F 理论紧化背景下伪造规范耦合统一的可能性。具体来说，我们制定了一个称为强校准的充分条件，在该条件下，同调不同除数上的七膜规范耦合在 K\"{a}hler 模空间中的余维一处变得相等。我们证明了在适当的拓扑转变下保留了强校准，并且每个允许收缩的一对不相交的除数总是可以被强校准。在树系综中，我们发现 $\approx 77.12\%$ 的相交环面约数对可以被强校准，而 $\approx 3.22\%$ 永远无法校准。从物理上讲，这意味着在我们研究的大多数情况下，规范耦合统一可以被伪造，但在其他情况下却不能，从规范理论的角度来看，这是令人惊讶的。
Gauge coupling unification misleads infrared observers if new gauge bosons do not simultaneously come into the spectrum. Though easy to engineer in gauge theory, the situation in string theory is nuanced, due to moduli dependence. We study the possibility of faking gauge coupling unification in the context of $4$d F-theory compactifications. Specifically, we formulate a sufficient condition that we call a strong calibration, under which seven-brane gauge couplings on homologically distinct divisors become equal at codimension one in K\"{a}hler moduli space. We prove that a strong calibration is preserved under appropriate topological transitions and that a pair of non-intersecting divisors each admitting a contraction can always be strongly calibrated. Within the Tree ensemble, we find that $\approx 77.12\%$ of pairs of intersecting toric divisors can be strongly calibrated and $\approx 3.22\%$ can never be calibrated. Physically, this means that gauge coupling unification can be faked in most cases that we study, but in others it cannot, which is surprising from a gauge theoretic perspective.