Overview of pyridine nucleotides review series.
Overview of pyridine nucleotides review series.
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DOI：
10.1161/circresaha.111.247924
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发表时间：
2012-08-17
影响因子：
20.1
通讯作者：
Sadoshima J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakamura M;Bhatnagar A;Sadoshima J
吡啶核苷酸是一种丰富的可溶性辅酶，在多种生物电子转移反应中发生可逆氧化和还原。它们由两种单核苷酸，单磷酸腺苷和烟酰胺单核苷酸组成，并以氧化和还原的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸在其未磷酸化（NAD+和NADH）和磷酸化（NADP+和NADPH）形式存在。过去，吡啶核苷酸被认为是主要的电子穿梭剂，参与支持催化氧化还原反应的酶的活性。然而，最近已经证明吡啶核苷酸及其氧化和还原形式之间的平衡在细胞功能中作为重要的界面发挥着广泛的关键作用，而不仅仅是它们的辅酶活性。这些包括氧化还原状态的维持、细胞存活和死亡、离子通道调节以及正常和病理条件下的细胞信号传导。此外，靶向吡啶核苷酸可能为治疗心血管疾病提供潜在的治疗有用途径。本综述将重点介绍吡啶核苷酸的功能意义，强调其在心血管功能中的生理作用及其与心血管医学的临床相关性。
Pyridine nucleotides are abundant soluble coenzymes and they undergo reversible oxidation and reduction in several biological electron-transfer reactions. They are comprised of two mononucleotides, adenosine monophosphate and nicotinamide mononucleotide, and are present as oxidized and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides in their unphosphorylated (NAD+ and NADH) and phosphorylated (NADP+ and NADPH) forms. In the past, pyridine nucleotides were considered to be primarily electron-shuttling agents involved in supporting the activity of enzymes that catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions. However, it has recently been demonstrated that pyridine nucleotides and the balance between the oxidized and reduced forms play a wide variety of pivotal roles in cellular functions as important interfaces, beyond their coenzymatic activity. These include maintenance of redox status, cell survival and death, ion channel regulation, and cell signaling under normal and pathological conditions. Furthermore, targeting pyridine nucleotides could potentially provide therapeutically useful avenues for treating cardiovascular diseases. This review series will highlight the functional significance of pyridine nucleotides and underscore their physiological role in cardiovascular function and their clinical relevance to cardiovascular medicine.