Supercooling and energy exchange near the Arctic Ocean surface
Supercooling and energy exchange near the Arctic Ocean surface
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北冰洋表面附近的过冷和能量交换
DOI：
10.1029/jc088ic12p07681
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发表时间：
1983
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Perkin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Lewis;R. Perkin
在斯瓦尔巴群岛北部（以北纬 83°、东经 10° 为中心）进行的电导率、温度和深度 (CTD) 测量显示，该区域的地表水过冷至深度约 8 m。在其他地方，西斯匹次卑尔根洋流平流进入该地区的温暖大西洋海水正在融化海冰。由此产生的大水平盐度梯度会导致侵入层，有时深度层会低于其表面冰点。过冷可以用冷冻温度的压力依赖性和远低于表面的冰龙骨的存在来解释。值得注意的是，由过冷提供的用于表面冻结的潜在热沉可以与从到大气的热损失获得的热沉相同的数量级。与此同时，等量的冰从龙骨上融化，从而形成“冰泵”。
Conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) measurements made north of Svalbard, centered around 83°N, 10°E, show regions in which the surface waters are supercooled to a depth of about 8 m. At other locations, warm Atlantic waters advected into the area by the West Spitzbergen current are melting the sea ice. The resulting large horizontal salinity gradients cause intrusive layering with layers at depth sometimes being below their surface freezing point. Supercooling is explained in terms of the pressure dependence of freezing temperature and the existence of ice keels well below the surface. It is noted that the potential heat sink for surface freezing provided by supercooling can be of the same order as that available from heat loss to the atmosphere. At the same time an equivalent amount of ice is being melted off the keels thus constituting an “ice pump.”