Molecular aspects of lipoic acid in the prevention of diabetes complications
Molecular aspects of lipoic acid in the prevention of diabetes complications
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DOI：
10.1016/s0899-9007(01)00658-x
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Rimbach, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Packer, L;Kraemer, K;Rimbach, G
α-硫辛酸（LA）及其还原形式二氢硫辛酸是强大的抗氧化剂，LA清除羟基自由基、次氯酸、过氧亚硝酸盐和单线态氧。二氢硫辛酸还可以清除超氧和过氧自由基，并可以再生硫氧还蛋白，维生素C和谷胱甘肽，这反过来又可以回收维生素E。糖尿病中存在几种可能的氧化应激来源，包括糖化反应、过渡金属的去分解和糖尿病细胞的还原氧状态的转变。糖尿病患者的脂质过氧化氢、DNA加合物和蛋白质羰基水平增加。现有的数据强烈表明，由于其抗氧化特性，LA特别适合于预防和/或治疗由活性氧和氮物质的过度产生引起的糖尿病并发症。除了其抗氧化特性外，LA还通过将葡萄糖转运蛋白-4募集到质膜来增加葡萄糖摄取，这是与胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取共有的机制。此外，最近的试验表明，LA改善了II型糖尿病患者的葡萄糖处置。在实验和临床研究中，LA显著减少糖尿病病理学症状，包括白内障形成、血管损伤和多发性神经病。为了更好地了解LA的预防和治疗潜力，目前的兴趣主要集中在阐明其在氧化还原依赖性基因表达中的分子机制。营养学2001;17：888-895。(C)Elsevier Science Inc. 2001.
alpha -Lipoic acid (LA) and its reduced form, dihydrolipoic acid, are powerful antioxidants, LA scavenges hydroxyl radicals, hypochlorous acid, peroxynitrite, and singlet oxygen. Dihydrolipoic acid also scavenges superoxide and peroxyl radicals and can regenerate thioredoxin, vitamin C, and glutathione, which in turn can recycle vitamin E. There are several possible sources of oxidative stress in diabetes including glycation reactions, decompartmentalization of transition metals, and a shift in the reduced-oxygen status of the diabetic cells. Diabetics have increased levels of lipid hydroperoxides, DNA adducts, and protein carbonyls. Available data strongly suggest that LA, because of its antioxidant properties, is particularly suited to the prevention and/or treatment of diabetic complications that arise from an overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. In addition to its antioxidant properties, LA increases glucose uptake through recruitment of the glucose transporter-4 to plasma membranes, a mechanism that is shared with insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Further, recent trials have demonstrated that LA improves glucose disposal in patients with type II diabetes. In experimental and clinical studies, LA markedly reduced the symptoms of diabetic pathologies, including cataract formation, vascular damage, and polyneuropathy. To develop a better understanding of the preventative and therapeutic potentials of LA, much of the current interest is focused on elucidating its molecular mechanisms in redox dependent gene expression. Nutrition 2001;17:888-895. (C) Elsevier Science Inc. 2001.