Pollinator-friendly management does not increase the diversity of farmland bees and wasps
Pollinator-friendly management does not increase the diversity of farmland bees and wasps
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传粉媒介友好型管理不会增加农田蜜蜂和黄蜂的多样性
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2015.04.022
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
D. Goulson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Wood;J. Holland;D. Goulson
为了扭转传粉者数量下降的趋势，欧洲各地实施了许多农业环境计划，主要侧重于增加花卉资源的可用性。虽然有几项研究调查了蜜蜂和黄蜂（aculeates）如何应对管理规模的计划（即在花补丁）一直很少评估计划如何影响多样性在农场规模。在目前的工作中，我们评估了农场实施鲜花丰富的计划是否有丰富的有刺动物社区比农场没有这样的栖息地。共记录蜜蜂104种，刺蜂44种。农场提供丰富的花卉栖息地有显着更大的花卉丰富，但有没有差异，在记录的刺或开花植物物种的总数相比，没有这些栖息地的农场。在考虑了样本量的差异后，与预期相反，没有鲜花丰富的栖息地的农场在刺和开花植物物种中显着丰富。熊蜂（Bombusspp.）蜜蜂（意大利蜜蜂）强烈地从播种的花朵中觅食，但大多数蜜蜂物种更喜欢不包括在花朵丰富的方案中的野生植物，例如独活、Hypochaeris radicata和Tripleurospermum indodorum。创造传粉者友好的栖息地并没有增加开花植物的多样性，因此，这种计划只会使有限的一套有刺物种受益。如果要保留和恢复农田上的各种刺类群落，就必须制定农业环境计划，为更广泛的传粉者物种提供觅食和筑巢资源。
In order to reverse declines in pollinator populations, numerous agri-environment schemes have been implemented across Europe, predominantly focused on increasing the availability of floral resources. Whilst several studies have investigated how bees and wasps (aculeates) respond to management at the scale of the scheme (i.e. within the flower patch) there has been little assessment of how schemes affect diversity at the farm scale. In the current work we assessed whether farms implementing flower-rich schemes had richer aculeate communities than farms without such habitats. A total of 104 species of bee and 44 species of aculeate wasp were recorded. Farms providing flower-rich habitats had significantly greater floral abundance but there were no differences in the total number of aculeate or flowering plant species recorded compared to farms without these habitats. After accounting for differences in sample size, and contrary to expectations, farms without flower-rich habitats were significantly richer in aculeate and flowering plant species. Bumblebees (Bombusspp.) and honeybees (Apis mellifera) foraged strongly from sown flowers, but the majority of bee species preferred wild plants that are not included in flower-rich schemes such asHeracleum sphondylium,Hypochaeris radicataandTripleurospermum inodorum. The creation of pollinator-friendly habitats has not increased the diversity of flowering plants and such schemes will consequently only benefit a limited suite of aculeate species. If diverse aculeate communities are to be retained and restored on farmland, agri-environment schemes that provide foraging and nesting resources for a wider range of pollinator species must be developed.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Heard, M. S.;Carvell, C.;Bourke, A. F. G.
通讯作者：
Bourke, A. F. G.