Cognitive factors in eyelid conditioning.
Cognitive factors in eyelid conditioning.
复制标题
眼睑调理中的认知因素。
作者：
D. A. Grant
在大多数单线索和差异眼皮条件作用实验后，SS指示不要试图弄清楚实验，也不要帮助或抑制他们的自然反应，他们甚至相当准确地报告了复杂的CS-UCS偶发事件。然而，这些认知很少与S的条件反射表现联系起来。在简单形容词-名词短语的辨别性、语法性不明显的情况下，当使用高表象名词时，报告差异线索的准确率显著提高，而不能报告辨别性提示的学生学习了无条件辨别。只有那些给出V字形眼睑CR地形图的“有意识”的人才显示出明显优于“不知道”的条件性辨别能力。在眼皮实验中，许多类型的认知都是有条件的，意识到CS-UCS偶发事件可能是学习发生的必要条件，但肯定不是充分条件。对CS-CR偶发事件的认识几乎从未报道过，因此与条件反射表现无关。在眼皮条件反射中，认知可能被看作是另一类受条件反射的反应。来自其他CRS的反馈可能会，也可能不会影响条件反射的过程。
With instructions not to try to figure out the experiment nor to aid or inhibit their natural responses, Ss report even complex CS-UCS contingencies quite accurately after most single cue and differential eyelid conditioning experiments. These cognitions, however, are rarely related to the S's conditioning performance. With a less obvious discriminandum, grammaticality of simple adjective-noun phrases, accuracy of reporting the differential cue was enhanced significantly when high imagery nouns were employed, and Ss unable to report the discriminandum learned no conditioned discrimination. Only those “aware’Ss who gave the V-form of the eyelid CR topography showed conditioned discrimination that was significantly superior to that of “unaware’Ss. Many kinds of cognitions are conditioned in the eyelid experiments, and awareness of CS-UCS contingencies may be a necessary but certainly not a sufficient condition for learning to occur. Awareness of CS-CR contingencies is almost never reported and consequently is unrelated to conditioning performance. In eyelid conditioning, cognitions may be viewed as simply another class of responses that are conditioned. Feedback from other CRs may, or may not, influence the course of conditioning.