Associations of neighborhood characteristics with active park use: an observational study in two cities in the USA and Belgium.
Associations of neighborhood characteristics with active park use: an observational study in two cities in the USA and Belgium.
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DOI：
10.1186/1476-072x-12-26
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发表时间：
2013-05-07
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
De Bourdeaudhuij I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Van Dyck D;Sallis JF;Cardon G;Deforche B;Adams MA;Geremia C;De Bourdeaudhuij I
公园可以成为促进身体活动的重要场所，但为了增加公园的使用和公园用户的活动水平，需要定义与公园活跃使用相关的关键属性。不仅用户特征和公园结构属性，而且周围社区的特征也很重要。此外，需要进行国际可比研究，以确定类似的干预策略是否在全球范围内有效。本研究的主要目的是检查公园游客总数及其活动水平是否取决于研究地点、社区步行能力和社区收入。数据收集于比利时根特和美国圣地亚哥的 20 个公园。两名训练有素的观察员使用公共休闲空间环境评估 (EAPRS) 工具对公园特征进行系统编码，并使用社区游戏和娱乐观察系统 (SOPARC) 工具对公园用户特征进行系统编码。多级多元回归模型在 MLwiN 2.25 中进行。在圣地亚哥公园，公园游客的活动水平和活跃游客数量高于根特，而步行游客数量和公园游客总数则较低。社区步行适宜性与游客总数、步行游客数量、久坐游客数量和游客平均活动水平呈正相关。社区收入与游客总数呈正相关，但与活跃游客数量呈负相关。社区特征对于解释公园的使用非常重要。在促进现有公园的使用或创建新公园时，应考虑与社区步行适宜性相关的属性。由于高收入和低收入社区的公园之间没有发现明显差异，因此促进公园的使用似乎可能是增加低收入人群体育活动的一个有前途的策略，众所周知，低收入人群超重和肥胖的风险较高。
Public parks can be an important setting for physical activity promotion, but to increase park use and the activity levels of park users, the crucial attributes related to active park use need to be defined. Not only user characteristics and structural park attributes, but also characteristics of the surrounding neighborhood are important to examine. Furthermore, internationally comparable studies are needed, to find out if similar intervention strategies might be effective worldwide. The main aim of this study was to examine whether the overall number of park visitors and their activity levels depend on study site, neighborhood walkability and neighborhood income. Data were collected in 20 parks in Ghent, Belgium and San Diego, USA. Two trained observers systematically coded park characteristics using the Environmental Assessment of Public Recreation Spaces (EAPRS) tool, and park user characteristics using the System for Observing Play and recreation in Communities (SOPARC) tool. Multilevel multiple regression models were conducted in MLwiN 2.25. In San Diego parks, activity levels of park visitors and number of vigorously active visitors were higher than in Ghent, while the number of visitors walking and the overall number of park visitors were lower. Neighborhood walkability was positively associated with the overall number of visitors, the number of visitors walking, number of sedentary visitors and mean activity levels of visitors. Neighborhood income was positively associated with the overall number of visitors, but negatively with the number of visitors being vigorously active. Neighborhood characteristics are important to explain park use. Neighborhood walkability-related attributes should be taken into account when promoting the use of existing parks or creating new parks. Because no strong differences were found between parks in high- and low-income neighborhoods, it seems that promoting park use might be a promising strategy to increase physical activity in low-income populations, known to be at higher risk for overweight and obesity.