Common mental disorders.
Common mental disorders.
复制标题
常见的精神障碍。
DOI：
10.3126/kumj.v9i3.6308
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Risal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Risal
常见的精神障碍是一组表现为焦虑、抑郁和无法解释的躯体症状的痛苦状态，通常在社区和初级保健机构中遇到。这些疾病的危险因素主要是社会经济地位较低、心理疾病、生殖健康状况不佳、性别劣势和身体健康状况不佳。世卫组织建议，所有这些疾病的治疗应以初级保健为基础，以便更加有效，并为所有社区人民提供服务。初级保健中的精神卫生保健结构通常被理解为“护理途径”模式，它在像我们这样不存在基于社区的精神卫生服务的国家中发挥着重要作用。发现心理疗法和药物疗法对于治疗这些疾病同样有效。将精神卫生纳入初级保健可被视为解决社区常见精神障碍有效管理中的障碍和问题的踏脚石。精神卫生专业人员的严重短缺以及对精神障碍的认识水平相对较低，使得初级卫生保健必须继续成为像我们这样的低收入和中等收入国家的最大的精神卫生保健部门。
Common mental disorders are a group of distress states manifesting with anxiety, depressive and unexplained somatic symptoms typically encountered in community and primary care settings. Risk factors for these disorders are mainly lower socio-economic status, psychological illnesses, poor reproductive health, gender disadvantage and physical ill-health. WHO has recommended that treatment of all these disorders should be based in primary care to be more effective and accessible to all the community people. The structure of mental health care in primary care is generally understood in terms of the "pathways to care" model and it plays a major role in countries like ours where community-based mental health services do not exist. Both the psychological and pharmacological therapies are found to be equally effective for treating these disorders. Integration of mental health into primary care can be considered as the stepping stone in the way forward to tackle the barriers and problems in effective management of common mental disorders in the community. The acute shortage of mental health professionals and the relatively low levels of awareness about mental disorders make it mandatory that primary health care should remain the single largest sector for mental health care in low and middle income countries like ours.
影响因子：
--
作者：
Breslau, N;Schultz, LR;Davis, GC
通讯作者：
Davis, GC