Humoral and cellular immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine among a cohort of solid organ transplant recipients and healthy controls
Humoral and cellular immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine among a cohort of solid organ transplant recipients and healthy controls
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DOI：
10.1111/tid.13772
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发表时间：
2021-12-21
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Halasa, Natasha B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yanis, Ahmad;Haddadin, Zaid;Halasa, Natasha B.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）感染与实体器官移植（SOT）受者发病率和死亡率增加相关。尽管被排除在SARS-CoV-2疫苗临床试验之外，但这些人被确定为高风险，并在公共卫生指南中优先接种疫苗。方法我们前瞻性地评估了56名SOT受者和26名健康对照（HC）对两种剂量的SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗BNT 162 b2的体液和细胞免疫应答。在每次给药前和第二次给药后从参与者中采集的血液样本进行了SARS-CoV-2特异性抗体以及CD 4+和CD 8 + T细胞反应的检测。结果每次给药后，SOT接受者的平均抗SARS-CoV-2抗体水平低于HC，第二次给药后只有21.6%的人在HC反应范围内实现了抗体反应。同样，SOT受体中应答性CD 4+和CD 8 + T细胞的百分比低于HC。虽然大多数HC表现出显着的体液和细胞反应，SOT受体的反应不太一致，一些显示出体液或细胞反应的证据，但不是两者兼而有之。结论与HC相比，SOT受者对BNT 162 b2疫苗的体液和细胞免疫应答显著降低，表明SOT受者可能受益于更定制的方案，例如更高剂量和/或额外的疫苗接种。
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Despite exclusion from SARS-CoV-2 vaccine clinical trials, these individuals were identified as high-risk and prioritized for vaccination in public health guidelines. Methods We prospectively evaluated humoral and cellular immune responses to two doses of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine, BNT162b2, in 56 SOT recipients and 26 healthy controls (HCs). Blood specimens collected from participants prior to each dose and following the second dose were tested for SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. Results SOT recipients demonstrated lower mean anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels compared to HCs after each dose, and only 21.6% achieved an antibody response after the second dose within the range of HC responses. Similarly, the percentage of responsive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in SOT recipients was lower than in HCs. While most HCs showed notable humoral and cellular responses, responses were less concordant in SOT recipients, with some showing evidence of either humoral or cellular response, but not both. Conclusion Humoral and cellular immune responses to the BNT162b2 vaccine are markedly reduced in SOT recipients as compared to HCs, suggesting that SOT recipients may benefit from more tailored regimens such as higher dose and/or additional vaccinations.