Predictive Runtime Monitoring for Linear Stochastic Systems and Applications to Geofence Enforcement for UAVs

Predictive Runtime Monitoring for Linear Stochastic Systems and Applications to Geofence Enforcement for UAVs
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线性随机系统的预测运行时监控及其在无人机地理围栏执法中的应用

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-030-32079-9_20
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Lecture notes in computer science
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Sankaranarayanan, Sriram
Sankaranarayanan, Sriram
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Yoon, Hansol;Chou, Yi;Chen, Xin;Frew, Eric;Sankaranarayanan, Sriram

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提出了一种具有随机扰动的线性系统预测运行时间监控方法。监控器的目标是确定在给定的时间范围内是否存在可能的控制输入序列,以确保以足够高的概率保持安全特性。我们推导出一个有效的算法进行预测监测真实的时间,特别是线性时不变(LTI)系统驱动的随机干扰。该算法隐式地定义了一个控制包络集,使得如果系统的当前控制输入位于该集合中,则在由nextNsteps组成的时间范围内存在未来策略,以保证感兴趣的安全属性。其结果是,所提出的监视器是不知道的实际控制器,因此,即使在复杂的控制系统,包括高度自适应控制器的存在下,适用。此外,我们应用我们提出的方法来监控无人机是否会尊重由车辆可能运行的地理区域定义的“地理围栏”。为了实现这一目标,我们构建了一个数据驱动的线性模型的无人机动态,同时仔细建模的不确定性,由于风,GPS误差和建模误差随时间变化的干扰。使用从飞行试验中获得的实际数据,我们证明了预测监控方法的优点和缺点。
We propose a predictive runtime monitoring approach for linear systems with stochastic disturbances. The goal of the monitor is to decide if there exists a possible sequence of control inputs over a given time horizon to ensure that a safety property is maintained with a sufficiently high probability. We derive an efficient algorithm for performing the predictive monitoring in real time, specifically for linear time invariant (LTI) systems driven by stochastic disturbances. The algorithm implicitly defines a control envelope set such that if the current control input to the system lies in this set, there exists a future strategy over a time horizon consisting of the nextNsteps to guarantee the safety property of interest. As a result, the proposed monitor is oblivious of the actual controller, and therefore, applicable even in the presence of complex control systems including highly adaptive controllers. Furthermore, we apply our proposed approach to monitor whether a UAV will respect a “geofence” defined by a geographical region over which the vehicle may operate. To achieve this, we construct a data-driven linear model of the UAVs dynamics, while carefully modeling the uncertainties due to wind, GPS errors and modeling errors as time-varying disturbances. Using realistic data obtained from flight tests, we demonstrate the advantages and drawbacks of the predictive monitoring approach.
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