Peripheral biomarkers revisited: integrative profiling of peripheral samples for psychiatric research.
Peripheral biomarkers revisited: integrative profiling of peripheral samples for psychiatric research.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.09.035
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发表时间：
2014-06-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Iwamoto K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hayashi-Takagi A;Vawter MP;Iwamoto K
外周样本，如血液和皮肤，几十年来一直被用于精神病学研究，作为中枢神经系统样本的替代品。虽然从外周血样本中获得的数据的有效性受到质疑，并且其他最先进的技术，如人脑成像，基因组学和诱导多能干细胞，似乎降低了外周血细胞的价值，但越来越多的证据表明，重新审视外周血样本是值得的。在这里，我们重新评估外周样本的效用，并认为，建立一个共同的信号和生物过程中的大脑和外周样本的理解是必要的，这样的模型的有效性。首先，我们提出了一个可用类型的外周细胞的概述，并描述其优点和缺点。然后，我们简要总结了组学研究的主要成就，包括表观基因组，转录组，蛋白质组和代谢组学分析，以及功能细胞分析的主要发现，其结果意味着神经传递，代谢，细胞周期和免疫系统的改变可能是部分负责主要精神疾病，如精神分裂症的病理生理学。最后，我们讨论了外周样本的未来效用，用于开发生物标志物和量身定制的治疗方法，例如用作疾病和性状途径的电池的多模式测定，并且可能是用于精神病学研究的有效和互补的工具。
Peripheral samples, such as blood and skin, have been used for decades in psychiatric research as surrogates for central nervous system samples. Although the validity of the data obtained from peripheral samples has been questioned and other state-of-the-art techniques, such as human brain imaging, genomics, and induced pluripotent stem cells, seem to reduce the value of peripheral cells, accumulating evidence has suggested that revisiting peripheral samples is worthwhile. Here, we re-evaluate the utility of peripheral samples and argue that establishing an understanding of the common signaling and biological processes in the brain and peripheral samples is required for the validity of such models. First, we present an overview of the available types of peripheral cells and describe their advantages and disadvantages. We then briefly summarize the main achievements of omics studies, including epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome analyses, as well as the main findings of functional cellular assays, the results of which imply that alterations in neurotransmission, metabolism, the cell cycle, and the immune system may be partially responsible for the pathophysiology of major psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Finally, we discuss the future utility of peripheral samples for the development of biomarkers and tailor-made therapies, such as multimodal assays that are used as a battery of disease and trait pathways and that might be potent and complimentary tools for use in psychiatric research.